windows: 修复 frpc 无法启动

fixes #589

.editorconfig

@@ -23,3 +23,6 @@ charset = utf-8-bom
 
 [*.{yml,yaml}]
 indent_size = 2
+
+[reinstall.sh]
+shell_variant = bash

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -7,10 +7,13 @@ assignees: ''
 
 ---
 
-原来的系统：
+原来的系统 (Original system):
-要安装的系统：
-遇到的问题：截图或者登录 SSH 获取日志 /reinstall.log
 
-Original system:
+要安装的系统 (System to be installed):
-System to be installed:
+
-Issues encountered: Screenshot or log in via SSH to get the logs from /reinstall.log
+遇到的问题 (Issue):
+
+<!--
+请上传截图或者报错内容，注意删除 IP 地址和密码
+(Please Upload Screenshot or error message. Be sure to delete the IP address and password)
+-->

.github/workflows/run_reinstall.yml

@@ -21,23 +21,26 @@ jobs:
           git config --global core.autocrlf false
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - run: |
-          ${{ matrix.command }} centos
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} centos
-          ${{ matrix.command }} almalinux 8
+          ${{ matrix.command }} almalinux
-          ${{ matrix.command }} rocky 9
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} rocky
-          ${{ matrix.command }} fedora
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} fedora
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} oracle
           ${{ matrix.command }} ubuntu
           ${{ matrix.command }} debian
           ${{ matrix.command }} debian --ci
-          ${{ matrix.command }} kali
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} kali
-          ${{ matrix.command }} alpine
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} alpine
-          ${{ matrix.command }} opensuse
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} opensuse
-          ${{ matrix.command }} arch
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} arch
-          ${{ matrix.command }} gentoo
+          # ${{ matrix.command }} gentoo
 
           ${{ matrix.command }} netboot.xyz
           ${{ matrix.command }} dd --img=https://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/appliances/openSUSE-MicroOS.x86_64-SelfInstall.raw.xz
           ${{ matrix.command }} windows --image-name='Windows Server blah' --iso https://aka.ms/HCIReleaseImage
 
+          ${{ matrix.command }} reset
+
           # 测试失败例子
           # ${{ matrix.command }} wrong-os
           # ${{ matrix.command }} dd --img=https://github.com/

README.en.md

@@ -4,25 +4,42 @@
 
 [![Codacy](https://img.shields.io/codacy/grade/dc679a17751448628fe6d8ac35e26eed?logo=Codacy&label=Codacy&style=flat-square)](https://app.codacy.com/gh/bin456789/reinstall/dashboard)
 [![CodeFactor](https://img.shields.io/codefactor/grade/github/bin456789/reinstall?logo=CodeFactor&logoColor=white&label=CodeFactor&style=flat-square)](https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/bin456789/reinstall)
-[![Lines of Code](https://tokei.rs/b1/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/XAMPPRocky/tokei_rs)
+[![Lines of Code](https://aschey.tech/tokei/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/aschey/vercel-tokei)
-[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=flat-square&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+<!-- [![Lines of Code](https://tokei.rs/b1/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/XAMPPRocky/tokei_rs) -->
-[![Github Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/badge/sponsor-30363D?style=flat-square&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
 
-One-Click Script to Reinstall System [中文](README.md)
+One-Click system reinstallation script for VPS [中文](README.md)
 
-[![Sponsors](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/sponsors/refs/heads/master/sponsors.svg)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+## Introduction
 
-## Highlights
+- One-click reinstallation to Linux: Supports 19 common distributions.
-
+- One-click reinstallation to Windows: Uses the official original ISO instead of custom images. The script can automatically fetch the ISO link and installs public cloud drivers like `VirtIO`.
-- One-click Linux installation: Supports 19 common distributions.
+- Supports reinstallation in any direction, i.e., `Linux to Linux`, `Linux to Windows`, `Windows to Windows`, `Windows to Linux`
-- One-click Windows installation: Uses the official ISO for installation instead of custom images. The script can automatically retrieves the ISO link and installs common drivers like `Virtio`.
+- Automatically configures IP and intelligently sets it as static or dynamic. Supports `/32`, `/128`, `gateway outside subnet`, `IPv6 only`, `IPv4/IPv6 on different NIC`
-- Supports installation in any direction, i.e., `Linux to Linux`, `Linux to Windows`, `Windows to Windows`, `Windows to Linux`
-- No need to input IP parameters; automatically recognizes dynamic and static IPs, supports `/32`, `/128`, `gateway outside subnet`, `IPv6 only`, `dual NIC`
 - Specially optimized for low-spec servers, requires less memory than the official netboot
 - Uses partition table ID to identify hard drives throughout the process, ensuring no wrong disk is written
 - Supports BIOS and EFI boot, and ARM Server
 - No homemades image included, all resources are obtained in real-time from mirror sites
 
+If this helped you, you can buy me a milk tea.
+[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-30363D?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+
+[![Sponsors](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/sponsors/refs/heads/master/sponsors.svg)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+
+### Feedback
+
+[![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub-%23121011.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=github&logoColor=white)](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/issues)
+[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=for-the-badge&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+
+## Quick Start
+
+- [Download](#download-current-system-is--linux)
+- [Feature 1. One-click reinstallation to Linux](#feature-1-install--linux)
+- [Feature 2. One-click DD Raw image to hard disk](#feature-2-dd-raw-image-to-hard-disk)
+- [Feature 3. One-click reboot to Alpine Live OS](#feature-3-reboot-to--alpine-live-os)
+- [Feature 4. One-click reboot to netboot.xyz](#feature-4-reboot-to--netbootxyz)
+- [Feature 5. One-click reinstallation to Windows](#feature-5-install--windows-iso)
+- [Cancel the reinstallation](#cancel-the-reinstallation)
+
 ## System Requirements
 
 The original system can be any system listed in the table.
@@ -31,22 +48,22 @@ The system requirements for the target system are as follows:
 
 | System                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Version                               | Memory    | Disk             |
 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | --------- | ---------------- |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22                | 256 MB    | 1 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23                | 256 MB    | 1 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.debian.org/favicon.ico" /> Debian                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | 9, 10, 11, 12                         | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^     |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.debian.org/favicon.ico" /> Debian                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | 9, 10, 11, 12, 13                     | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^     |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/f74b3d5b-085f-4df3-bcc9-8a9bd80bb16d" /> Kali                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Rolling                               | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^     |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://documentation.ubuntu.com/server/_static/favicon.png" /> Ubuntu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 16.04 LTS - 24.04 LTS, 25.04          | 512 MB \* | 2 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://documentation.ubuntu.com/server/_static/favicon.png" /> Ubuntu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 16.04 LTS - 24.04 LTS, 25.10          | 512 MB \* | 2 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/O1CN01oJnJZg1yK4RzI4Rx2_!!6000000006559-2-tps-118-118.png" /> Anolis                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 7, 8, 23                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10 (if released)                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://opencloudos.org/qq.ico" /> OpenCloudOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 8, 9, Stream 23                       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 41, 42                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 42, 43                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.03          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.09          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, Tumbleweed (Rolling)       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (Rolling) | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.05                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://aosc.io/assets/distros/aosc-os.svg" /> AOSC OS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://aosc.io/distros/aosc-os.svg" /> AOSC OS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.fnnas.com/favicon.ico" /> fnOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Beta                                  | 512 MB    | 8 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.fnnas.com/favicon.ico" /> fnOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 1                                     | 512 MB    | 8 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (DD)                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Any                                   | 512 MB    | Depends on image |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (ISO)                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Vista, 7, 8.x (Server 2008 - 2012 R2) | 512 MB    | 25 GB            |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (ISO)                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 10, 11 (Server 2016 - 2025)           | 1 GB      | 25 GB            |
@@ -56,6 +73,13 @@ The system requirements for the target system are as follows:
 ^ Indicates requiring either 256 MB memory + 1.5 GB disk, or 512 MB memory + 1 GB disk
 
 > [!WARNING]
+>
+> In theory it also supports dedicated servers and PCs
+>
+> but if you can use IPMI or a USB drive, this script is not recommended.
+
+> [!WARNING]
+>
 > ❌ This script does not support OpenVZ or LXC virtual machines.
 >
 > Please use <https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation> instead.
@@ -65,13 +89,13 @@ The system requirements for the target system are as follows:
 For server outside China:
 
 ```bash
-curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_
+curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
 ```
 
 For server inside China:
 
 ```bash
-curl -O https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_
+curl -O https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
 ```
 
 ## Download (Current system is <img width="20" height="20" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows)
@@ -117,57 +141,58 @@ certutil -urlcache -f -split https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main
 
 ### Feature 1: Install <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.kernel.org/theme/images/logos/favicon.png" /> Linux
 
-- The username is `root` with a default password of `123@@@`.
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> This feature will erase **the entire hard disk** of the current system (including other partitions)!
+>
+> If the script was run by mistake, you can run `bash reinstall.sh reset` before rebooting to cancel the reinstallation operation.
+
+- Username `root`. The script prompts for a password. If left blank, a random one is generated.
 - When installing the latest version, the version number does not need to be specified.
 - Maximizes disk space usage: no boot partition (except for Fedora) and no swap partition.
 - Automatically selects different optimized kernels based on machine type, such as `Cloud` or `HWE` kernels.
-- When installing Red Hat, you must provide the `qcow2` image link obtained from <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel>. You can also install other RHEL-based OS, such as `Alibaba Cloud Linux` and `TencentOS Server`.
+- When installing Red Hat, you must provide the `qcow2` image link obtained from <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel>. You can also install `qcow2` of other RHEL-based OS, such as `Alibaba Cloud Linux` and `TencentOS Server`.
 - After reinstallation, if you need to change the SSH port or switch to key-based login, make sure to also modify the files inside `/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/`.
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   rocky       8|9|10
-                  oracle      8|9
+                  oracle      8|9|10
                   almalinux   8|9|10
                   opencloudos 8|9|23
                   centos      9|10
-                  fedora      41|42
+                  fnos        1
-                  nixos       25.05
+                  nixos       25.11
-                  debian      9|10|11|12
+                  fedora      42|43
-                  opensuse    15.6|tumbleweed
+                  debian      9|10|11|12|13
-                  alpine      3.19|3.20|3.21|3.22
+                  alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.03
+                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
-                  ubuntu      16.04|18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|25.04 [--minimal]
+                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09
+                  ubuntu      16.04|18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|25.10 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch
                   gentoo
                   aosc
-                  fnos
                   redhat      --img="http://access.cdn.redhat.com/xxx.qcow2"
 ```
 
 #### Optional Parameters
 
 - `--password PASSWORD` Set the password
-- `--ssh-key KEY` Set up SSH login public key, supports these formats. When using public key, password is empty.
+- `--ssh-key KEY` Set up SSH login public key, [formatted as follows](#--ssh-key). When using public key, password is empty.
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key github:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
 - `--ssh-port PORT` Change the SSH port (for log observation during installation and for the new system)
-- `--web-port PORT` Change the Web port (for log observation during installation)
+- `--web-port PORT` Change the Web port (for log observation during installation only)
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` Add frpc for intranet tunneling
+- `--frpc-config PATH` Add frpc for intranet tunneling. Parameter can be local filepath or HTTP URL of the configuration file.
-- `--hold 2` Prevent reboot after installation completes, allowing SSH login to modify system content; the system is mounted at `/os` (this feature is not supported on Debian/Kali).
+- `--hold 1` Reboot only into install environment, without running installer, only for SSH connect to test network connection.
+- `--hold 2` Prevent reboot after installation completes, allowing SSH login to modify system content; the system is mounted at `/target` for Debian/Kali and `/os` for other distros.
 
 > [!TIP]
-> When installing Debian/Kali, x86 architectures can monitor the installation progress through VNC from server provider, while ARM architectures can use the serial console.
 >
-> When installing other systems, can monitor the progress through various methods (SSH, HTTP 80 port, VNC from server provider, serial console).
+> Can monitor the progress through various methods (SSH, HTTP 80 port, VNC from server provider, serial console).
-> <br />Even if errors occur during the installation process, you can still install to Alpine via SSH by running `/trans.sh alpine`
+>
+> Even if errors occur during the installation process, SSH is available for manual recovery.
+>
+> If the target system is not Debian/Kali, run `/trans.sh alpine` can automatically recover to Alpine Linux.
 
 <details>
 
@@ -201,9 +226,15 @@ bash reinstall.sh ubuntu --installer
 
 </details>
 
-### Feature 2: DD
+### Feature 2: DD RAW image to hard disk
 
-- Supports `raw` and `vhd` image formats (either uncompressed or compressed as `.gz`, `.xz`, `.zst`, `.tar`, `.tar.gz`, `.tar.xz`, `.tar.zst`).
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> This feature will erase **the entire hard disk** of the current system (including other partitions)!
+>
+> If the script was run by mistake, you can run `bash reinstall.sh reset` before rebooting to cancel the reinstallation operation.
+
+- Supports `raw` and fixed-size `vhd` image formats. Either uncompressed or compressed as `.gz`, `.xz`, `.zst`, `.tar`, `.tar.gz`, `.tar.xz`, `.tar.zst`.
 - When deploy a Windows image, the system disk will be automatically expanded, and machines with a static IP will have their IP configured, and may take a few minutes after the first boot for the configuration to take effect.
 - When deploy a Linux image, will **NOT** modify any contents of the image.
 
@@ -217,42 +248,68 @@ bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz"
 - `--rdp-port PORT` Change RDP port (DD Windows only)
 - `--ssh-port PORT` Change SSH port (for log observation during installation)
 - `--web-port PORT` Change Web port (for log observation during installation)
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` Add frpc for intranet tunneling (DD Windows only)
+- `--frpc-config PATH` Add frpc for intranet tunneling (DD Windows only). Parameter can be local filepath or HTTP URL of the configuration file.
-- `--hold 2` Prevent reboot after the DD process finishes, allowing SSH login to modify system content. The Windows system will be mounted at `/os`, but Linux systems will **NOT** be automatically mounted.
+- `--cloud-data PATH_OR_URL` Inject cloud-init NoCloud configuration into the DD'd Linux image (DD Linux only)
+- `--hold 1` Reboot only into install environment, without running installer, only for SSH connect to test network connection.
+- `--hold 2` Prevent reboot after the DD process finishes. For SSH login to modify system content. The Windows system will be mounted at `/os`, but Linux systems will **NOT** be automatically mounted.
 
 > [!TIP]
+>
+> `--cloud-data` accepts a local directory path or an HTTP base URL. The directory must contain a `user-data` file; `meta-data` and `network-config` are optional:
+>
+> ```
+> seed/
+> ├── user-data      # required
+> ├── meta-data      # optional
+> └── network-config # optional
+> ```
+>
+> ```bash
+> # Local directory
+> bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz" --cloud-data /path/to/seed/
+> # HTTP directory
+> bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz" --cloud-data "https://example.com/seed/"
+> ```
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
 > Can monitor the progress through various methods (SSH, HTTP 80 port, VNC from server provider, serial console).
-> <br />Even if errors occur during the installation process, you can still install to Alpine via SSH by running `/trans.sh alpine`
+>
+> Even if errors occur during the installation process, SSH is available for manual recovery.
+>
+> Or Run `/trans.sh alpine` to automatically recover to Alpine Linux.
 
-### Feature 3: Reboot to <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine Live OS (RAM OS)
+### Feature 3: Reboot to <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine Live OS
 
-- You can use SSH to backup/restore disk, manually perform DD operations, modify partitions, and manually install Alpine, Arch, Gentoo, and other systems.
+- You can use SSH to backup/restore disk, manually perform DD operations, partition modifications, manual Alpine installation, and other operations.
-- Username `root`, Default password `123@@@`
+- Username `root`. The script prompts for a password. If left blank, a random one is generated.
-- If manual operations do not damage the original system, rebooting will return to the original system.
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
+> Although the script being run is `reinstall`, this feature **does not** delete any data or perform an automatic reinstallation; manual user operation is required.
+>
+> If the user does not damage the original system during manual operation, rebooting will return to the original system.
 
 ```bash
-bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold=1
+bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold 1
 ```
 
 #### Optional Parameters
 
 - `--password PASSWORD` Set password
 - `--ssh-port PORT` Change SSH port
-- `--ssh-key KEY` Set up SSH login public key, supports these formats. When using public key, password is empty.
+- `--ssh-key KEY` Set up SSH login public key, [formatted as follows](#--ssh-key). When using public key, password is empty.
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
+- `--frpc-config PATH` Add frpc for intranet tunneling. Parameter can be local filepath or HTTP URL of the configuration file.
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key github:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` Add frpc for intranet tunneling
 
 ### Feature 4: Reboot to <img width="16" height="16" src="https://netboot.xyz/img/favicon.ico" /> netboot.xyz
 
 - Can manually install [more systems](https://github.com/netbootxyz/netboot.xyz?tab=readme-ov-file#what-operating-systems-are-currently-available-on-netbootxyz) using vendor backend VNC.
-- If manual operations do not damage the original system, rebooting will return to the original system.
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
+> Although the script being run is `reinstall`, this feature **does not** delete any data or perform an automatic reinstallation; manual user operation is required.
+>
+> If the user does not damage the original system during manual operation, rebooting will return to the original system.
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
@@ -264,24 +321,31 @@ bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
 
 ![Windows Installation](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/07c1aea2-1ce3-4967-904f-aaf9d6eec3f7)
 
-- Username `administrator`, Default password `123@@@`
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> This feature will erase **the entire hard disk** of the current system (including other partitions)!
+>
+> If the script was run by mistake, you can run `bash reinstall.sh reset` before rebooting to cancel the reinstallation operation.
+
+- Username `administrator`. The script prompts for a password. If left blank, a random one is generated.
 - If remote login fails, try using the username `.\administrator`.
 - The machine with a static IP will automatically configure the IP. It may take a few minutes to take effect on the first boot.
-- Supports all languages.
+- Supports ISO images in any language.
+- Supports bypassing Windows 11 hardware requirements.
 
 #### Supported Systems
 
 - Windows (Vista ~ 11)
 - Windows Server (2008 ~ 2025)
-  - Windows Server Essentials \*
+  - Windows Server Essentials
-  - Windows Server (Semi) Annual Channel \*
+  - Windows Server (Semi) Annual Channel
-  - Hyper-V Server \*
+  - Hyper-V Server
-  - Azure Stack HCI \*
+  - Azure Local (Azure Stack HCI)
 
 #### Method 1: Let the Script Automatically Search for ISO
 
 - The script will search for ISOs from <https://massgrave.dev/genuine-installation-media>, a site that collects official ISOs.
-- Systems marked with \* do not support automatic ISO searching.
+- Only supports ISOs searching for Windows 10, 11, Server 2019, 2022, 2025.
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh windows \
@@ -367,7 +431,6 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11arm64>
 - Evaluation
-  - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-10-enterprise>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-11-enterprise>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-11-iot-enterprise-ltsc-eval>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-server-2012-r2>
@@ -386,22 +449,23 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 - `--password PASSWORD` Set Password
 - `--allow-ping` Configure Windows Firewall to Allow Ping Responses
 - `--rdp-port PORT` Change RDP port
-- `--ssh-port PORT` Change SSH port (for log observation during installation)
+- `--ssh-port PORT` Change SSH port (for log observation during installation only)
-- `--web-port PORT` Change Web port (for log observation during installation)
+- `--web-port PORT` Change Web port (for log observation during installation only)
 - `--add-driver INF_OR_DIR` Add additional driver, specifying .inf path, or the folder contains .inf file.
-  - The driver must be downloaded locally first.
+  - The driver must be downloaded to current system first.
   - This parameter can be set multiple times to add different driver.
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` Add frpc for intranet tunneling
+- `--frpc-config PATH` Add frpc for intranet tunneling. Parameter can be local filepath or HTTP URL of the configuration file.
-- `--hold 2` Allow SSH connections for modifying the disk content before rebooting into the official Windows installation program, with the disk mounted at `/os`.
+- `--hold 1` Reboot only into install environment, without running installer, only for SSH connect to test network connection.
+- `--hold 2` Allow SSH connections for modifying `boot.wim`, `install.wim` or other contents before rebooting into the official Windows installation program, with the disk mounted at `/os`.
 
 #### The following drivers will automatic download and install as needed, without the need for manual addition
 
-- Virtio ([Virtio][virtio-virtio], [Alibaba Cloud][virtio-aliyun], [Tencent Cloud][virtio-qcloud], [GCP][virtio-gcp])
+- VirtIO ([Community][virtio-virtio], [Alibaba Cloud][virtio-aliyun], [Tencent Cloud][virtio-qcloud], [GCP][virtio-gcp])
-- XEN ([~~XEN~~][xen-xen] (unsigned), [Citrix][xen-citrix], [AWS][xen-aws])
+- XEN ([~~Community~~][xen-xen] (unsigned), [Citrix][xen-citrix], [AWS][xen-aws])
 - AWS ([ENA Network Adapter][aws-ena], [NVME Storage Controller][aws-nvme])
 - GCP ([gVNIC Network Adapter][gcp-gvnic], [GGA Display Adapter][gcp-gga])
 - Azure ([MANA Network Adapter][azure-mana])
-- Intel ([VMD Storage Controller][intel-vmd], Network Adapter: [7][intel-nic-7], [8][intel-nic-8], [8.1][intel-nic-8.1], [10][intel-nic-10], [11][intel-nic-11], [2008 R2][intel-nic-2008-r2], [2012][intel-nic-2012], [2012 R2][intel-nic-2012-r2], [2016][intel-nic-2016], [2019][intel-nic-2019], [2022][intel-nic-2022], [2025][intel-nic-2025])
+- Intel (VMD Storage Controller: [11th Gen Core][intel-vmd-gen11], [12th-15th Gen Core][intel-vmd-gen12-to-gen15], Network Adapter: [7][intel-nic-7], [8.x][intel-nic-8.1], [10][intel-nic-10], [11][intel-nic-11], [2008 R2][intel-nic-7], [2012][intel-nic-2012], [2012 R2][intel-nic-2012-r2], [2016][intel-nic-2016], [2019][intel-nic-2019], [2022][intel-nic-2022], [2025][intel-nic-2025])
 
 [virtio-virtio]: https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/
 [virtio-aliyun]: https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/ecs/user-guide/install-the-virtio-driver-1
@@ -415,13 +479,12 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 [gcp-gvnic]: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/networking/using-gvnic
 [gcp-gga]: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/enable-instance-virtual-display
 [azure-mana]: https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-mana-windows
-[intel-vmd]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849936/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-15th-gen-platforms.html
+[intel-vmd-gen11]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849933/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-13th-gen-platforms.html
+[intel-vmd-gen12-to-gen15]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849936/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-15th-gen-platforms.html
 [intel-nic-7]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15590/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-7-final-release.html
-[intel-nic-8]: https://web.archive.org/web/20250501043104/https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/16765/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-8-final-release.html
 [intel-nic-8.1]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/17479/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-8-1.html
 [intel-nic-10]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/18293/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-10.html
 [intel-nic-11]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/727998/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-microsoft-windows-11.html
-[intel-nic-2008-r2]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15591/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2008-r2-final-release.html
 [intel-nic-2012]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/16789/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2012.html
 [intel-nic-2012-r2]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/17480/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2012-r2.html
 [intel-nic-2016]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/18737/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2016.html
@@ -431,7 +494,7 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 
 #### How to Specify the Image Name `--image-name`
 
-Typically, an ISO will contain multiple system versions, such as Home Edition and Professional Edition. The image name `--image-name` is used to specify the version to be installed, and it is case-insensitive when entered.
+An ISO usually contains multiple system editions, such as Home and Pro. Therefore, you need to use `--image-name` to specify the system edition (image name) to install, case-insensitive.
 
 You can use tools like DISM, DISM++, or Wimlib to query the image names included in the ISO.
 
@@ -454,48 +517,81 @@ Open File menu > Open Image File, select the iso to be installed to get the imag
 > Vista (Server 2008) and 32-bit systems may lack drivers.
 
 > [!WARNING]
-> For EFI machines without CSM enabled, Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2) cannot be installed.
 >
-> Hyper-V (Azure) requires selecting the appropriate VM generation: <https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/plan/should-i-create-a-generation-1-or-2-virtual-machine-in-hyper-v>
+> For Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2) installation:
+>
+> 1. EFI-boot machines must enable CSM.
+>
+> 2. On Hyper-V (Azure), select Generation 1 VM. <https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/plan/should-i-create-a-generation-1-or-2-virtual-machine-in-hyper-v>
 
 > [!WARNING]
+>
 > In the Chinese version of Windows 10 LTSC 2021 ISO `zh-cn_windows_10_enterprise_ltsc_2021_x64_dvd_033b7312.iso`, the `wsappx` process may indefinitely consume CPU resources.
 >
 > The solution is to update the system patches or manually install the `VCLibs` library <https://www.google.com/search?q=ltsc+wsappx>.
 
+> [!WARNING]
+>
+> When installing Windows ISOs released in `May 2022` or later on GCP, the system may repeatedly reboot during the Windows installation (PE) stage. You can resolve this issue using one of the following two methods:
+>
+> 1. Add the `--force-boot-mode bios` parameter. The script will install Windows in `BIOS boot + MBR partition table` mode.
+>
+>    (Optional) After installation, you can convert it to `EFI boot + GPT partition table` using the command `MBR2GPT /convert /allowFullOS`.
+>
+> 2. Create a custom RAW image and install it via DD.
+
 #### Considerations for Installing Windows on ARM
 
 Most ARM machines support installing latest Windows 11.
 
 During the installation process, you might encounter a black screen, and the serial console may display `ConvertPages: failed to find range`, but neither issue affects the installation.
 
-| Compatibility | Cloud Provider | Instance Type | Issues                                                                                                                                                 |
+| Compatibility | Cloud Provider | Instance Type           | Issues                                                                              |
-| ------------- | -------------- | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| ------------- | -------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| ✔️            | Azure          | B2pts_v2      |                                                                                                                                                        |
+| ✔️            | Azure          | B2pts_v2                |                                                                                     |
-| ✔️            | Alibaba Cloud  | g6r, c6r      |                                                                                                                                                        |
+| ✔️            | AWS            | T4g                     |                                                                                     |
-| ✔️            | Alibaba Cloud  | g8y, c8y, r8y | There is a chance of hanging at the boot logo during restart; forced reboot will resolve it.                                                           |
+| ✔️            | Scaleway       | COPARM1                 |                                                                                     |
-| ✔️            | AWS            | T4g           |                                                                                                                                                        |
+| ✔️            | Gcore          |                         |                                                                                     |
-| ✔️            | Scaleway       | COPARM1       |                                                                                                                                                        |
+| ❔            | Alibaba Cloud  | g6r, c6r, g8y, c8y, r8y | Might hanging at the boot logo during restart; forced reboot will resolve it.       |
-| ✔️            | Gcore          |               |                                                                                                                                                        |
+| ❔            | Oracle Cloud   | A1.Flex                 | Installation success is not guaranteed; newer instances are more likely to succeed. |
-| ❔            | Oracle Cloud   | A1.Flex       | Installation success is not guaranteed; newer instances are more likely to succeed.<br />Manual loading of GPU drivers is required after installation. |
+| ❌            | Google Cloud   | t2a                     | Missing network card drivers                                                        |
-| ❌            | Google Cloud   | t2a           | Missing network card drivers                                                                                                                           |
 
-<details>
+### Cancel the reinstallation
 
-<summary>Loading Graphics Driver on Oracle Cloud</summary>
+- If the script was run by mistake, you can run this command to cancel the reinstallation operation.
+- Must be run before rebooting.
 
-Log in to the server using Remote Desktop, open Device Manager, locate the graphics card, select "Update Driver," and choose `Red Hat VirtIO GPU DOD controller` from the list. There's no need to download the drivers in advance.
+```bash
+bash reinstall.sh reset
+```
 
-![virtio-gpu-1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/503e1d82-4fa9-4486-917e-73326ad7c988)
+## Parameter Format
-![virtio-gpu-2](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bf3a9af6-13d8-4f93-9d6c-d3b2dbddb37d)
-![virtio-gpu-3](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a9006a78-838f-45bf-a556-2dba193d3c03)
 
-</details>
+### --ssh-key
 
-## Discussion
+- `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
+- `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
+- `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
+- `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
+- `--ssh-key github:your_username`
+- `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
+- `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
+- `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
 
-[![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/badge/github-%23121011.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=github&logoColor=white)](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/issues)
+## How to Use an Old Version
-[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=for-the-badge&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+
+According to the Law of Bug Conservation, fixing old bugs often introduces new ones.
+
+If a new bug occurs, try using an older version to see if it works.
+
+Go to <https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/commits/main> and find the old version’s `commit_id` on the right side.
+
+```bash
+commit_id=xxxxxxx
+curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/$commit_id/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
+sed -i "/^confhome.*main$/s/main/$commit_id/" reinstall.sh
+bash reinstall.sh ...
+```
 
 ## How to Modify the Script for Your Own
 
@@ -505,8 +601,6 @@ Log in to the server using Remote Desktop, open Device Manager, locate the graph
 
 ## Thanks
 
-[![Github Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/badge/sponsor-30363D?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
-
 Thanks to the following businesses for providing free servers.
 
 [![Oracle Cloud](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/8b430ed4-8344-4f96-b4da-c2bda031cc90)](https://www.oracle.com/cloud/)

README.md

@@ -4,25 +4,42 @@
 
 [![Codacy](https://img.shields.io/codacy/grade/dc679a17751448628fe6d8ac35e26eed?logo=Codacy&label=Codacy&style=flat-square)](https://app.codacy.com/gh/bin456789/reinstall/dashboard)
 [![CodeFactor](https://img.shields.io/codefactor/grade/github/bin456789/reinstall?logo=CodeFactor&logoColor=white&label=CodeFactor&style=flat-square)](https://www.codefactor.io/repository/github/bin456789/reinstall)
-[![Lines of Code](https://tokei.rs/b1/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/XAMPPRocky/tokei_rs)
+[![Lines of Code](https://aschey.tech/tokei/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/aschey/vercel-tokei)
-[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=flat-square&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+<!-- [![Lines of Code](https://tokei.rs/b1/github/bin456789/reinstall?category=code&label=Lines%20of%20Code&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/XAMPPRocky/tokei_rs) -->
-[![Github Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/badge/sponsor-30363D?style=flat-square&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
 
-一键重装脚本 [English](README.en.md)
+一键 VPS 系统重装脚本 [English](README.en.md)
 
-[![Sponsors](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/sponsors/refs/heads/master/sponsors.svg)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+## 介绍
 
-## 亮点
+- 一键重装到 Linux，支持 19 种常见发行版
-
+- 一键重装到 Windows，使用官方原版 ISO 而非自制镜像，脚本支持自动查找 ISO 链接、自动安装 `VirtIO` 等公有云驱动
-- 一键安装 Linux，支持 19 种常见发行版
-- 一键安装 Windows，使用官方 ISO 安装而非自制镜像，脚本会自动获取 ISO 链接、自动安装 Virtio 等常见驱动
 - 支持任意方向重装，即 `Linux to Linux`、`Linux to Windows`、`Windows to Windows`、`Windows to Linux`
-- 无需填写 IP 参数，自动识别动静态，支持 `/32`、`/128`、`网关不在子网范围内`、`纯 IPv6`、`双网卡`
+- 自动设置 IP，智能设置动静态，支持 `/32`、`/128`、`网关不在子网范围内`、`纯 IPv6`、`IPv4/IPv6 在不同的网卡`
 - 专门适配低配小鸡，比官方 netboot 需要更少的内存
 - 全程用分区表 ID 识别硬盘，确保不会写错硬盘
 - 支持 BIOS、EFI 引导，支持 ARM 服务器
 - 不含自制包，所有资源均实时从镜像源获得
 
+如果帮到你，可以请我喝奶茶。
+[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-30363D?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+
+[![Sponsors](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/sponsors/refs/heads/master/sponsors.svg)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
+
+### 反馈
+
+[![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub-%23121011.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=github&logoColor=white)](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/issues)
+[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=for-the-badge&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+
+## 快速开始
+
+- [下载](#下载当前系统是--linux)
+- [功能 1. 一键重装到 Linux](#功能-1-安装--linux)
+- [功能 2. 一键 DD Raw 镜像到硬盘](#功能-2-dd-raw-镜像到硬盘)
+- [功能 3. 一键引导到 Alpine Live OS 内存系统](#功能-3-重启到--alpine-live-os内存系统)
+- [功能 4. 一键引导到 netboot.xyz](#功能-4-重启到--netbootxyz)
+- [功能 5. 一键重装到 Windows](#功能-5-安装--windows-iso)
+- [取消重装](#取消重装)
+
 ## 系统要求
 
 原系统可以是表格中的任意系统
@@ -31,22 +48,22 @@
 
 | 系统                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 版本                                  | 内存      | 硬盘         |
 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | --------- | ------------ |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22                | 256 MB    | 1 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.20, 3.21, 3.22, 3.23                | 256 MB    | 1 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.debian.org/favicon.ico" /> Debian                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | 9, 10, 11, 12                         | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^ |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.debian.org/favicon.ico" /> Debian                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | 9, 10, 11, 12, 13                     | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^ |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/f74b3d5b-085f-4df3-bcc9-8a9bd80bb16d" /> Kali                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 滚动                                  | 256 MB    | 1 ~ 1.5 GB ^ |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://documentation.ubuntu.com/server/_static/favicon.png" /> Ubuntu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 16.04 LTS - 24.04 LTS, 25.04          | 512 MB \* | 2 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://documentation.ubuntu.com/server/_static/favicon.png" /> Ubuntu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 16.04 LTS - 24.04 LTS, 25.10          | 512 MB \* | 2 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/O1CN01oJnJZg1yK4RzI4Rx2_!!6000000006559-2-tps-118-118.png" /> Anolis                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 7, 8, 23                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10 (如果有)                     | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://opencloudos.org/qq.ico" /> OpenCloudOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 8, 9, Stream 23                       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 41, 42                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 42, 43                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.03          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.09          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, Tumbleweed (滚动)          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (滚动)    | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.05                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://aosc.io/assets/distros/aosc-os.svg" /> 安同 OS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://aosc.io/distros/aosc-os.svg" /> 安同 OS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.fnnas.com/favicon.ico" /> 飞牛 fnOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 公测                                  | 512 MB    | 8 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.fnnas.com/favicon.ico" /> 飞牛 fnOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | 1                                     | 512 MB    | 8 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (DD)                                                                                                                                                                                                              | 任何                                  | 512 MB    | 取决于镜像   |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (ISO)                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Vista, 7, 8.x (Server 2008 - 2012 R2) | 512 MB    | 25 GB        |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows (ISO)                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 10, 11 (Server 2016 - 2025)           | 1 GB      | 25 GB        |
@@ -56,6 +73,13 @@
 ^ 表示需要 256 MB 内存 + 1.5 GB 硬盘，或 512 MB 内存 + 1 GB 硬盘
 
 > [!WARNING]
+>
+> 本脚本理论上支持独服和 PC
+>
+> 但如果能使用 IPMI 或 U 盘，则不建议使用本脚本
+
+> [!WARNING]
+>
 > ❌ 本脚本不支持 OpenVZ、LXC 虚拟机
 >
 > 请改用 <https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation>
@@ -65,13 +89,13 @@
 国外服务器：
 
 ```bash
-curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_
+curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
 ```
 
 国内服务器：
 
 ```bash
-curl -O https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_
+curl -O https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
 ```
 
 ## 下载（当前系统是 <img width="20" height="20" src="https://blogs.windows.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/2022/09/cropped-Windows11IconTransparent512-32x32.png" /> Windows）
@@ -113,61 +137,62 @@ certutil -urlcache -f -split https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main
 
 - Linux 下运行 `bash reinstall.sh ...`
 - Windows 下先运行 `cmd`，再运行 `reinstall.bat ...`
-  - 如果参数中的链接包含特殊字符，要用 `""` 将链接包起来，不能用 `''`
+  - 如果参数中的链接包含特殊字符，要用 `""` 将链接包裹起来，不能用 `''`
 
 ### 功能 1: 安装 <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.kernel.org/theme/images/logos/favicon.png" /> Linux
 
-- 用户名 `root` 默认密码 `123@@@`
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> 此功能会清除当前系统**整个硬盘**的全部数据（包含其它分区）！
+>
+> 如果不小心运行了脚本，可以在重启前运行 `bash reinstall.sh reset` 取消重装
+
+- 用户名为 `root`，脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
 - 安装最新版可不输入版本号
 - 最大化利用磁盘空间：不含 boot 分区（Fedora 例外），不含 swap 分区
 - 自动根据机器类型选择不同的优化内核，例如 `Cloud`、`HWE` 内核
-- 安装 Red Hat 时需填写 <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel> 得到的 `qcow2` 镜像链接，也可以安装其它类 RHEL 系统，例如 `Alibaba Cloud Linux` 和 `TencentOS Server`
+- 安装 Red Hat 时需填写 <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel> 得到的 `qcow2` 镜像链接，也可以安装其它类 RHEL 系统的 `qcow2`，例如 `Alibaba Cloud Linux` 和 `TencentOS Server`
 - 重装后如需修改 SSH 端口或者改成密钥登录，注意还要修改 `/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/` 里面的文件
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   rocky       8|9|10
-                  oracle      8|9
+                  oracle      8|9|10
                   almalinux   8|9|10
                   opencloudos 8|9|23
                   centos      9|10
-                  fedora      41|42
+                  fnos        1
-                  nixos       25.05
+                  nixos       25.11
-                  debian      9|10|11|12
+                  fedora      42|43
-                  opensuse    15.6|tumbleweed
+                  debian      9|10|11|12|13
-                  alpine      3.19|3.20|3.21|3.22
+                  alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.03
+                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
-                  ubuntu      16.04|18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|25.04 [--minimal]
+                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09
+                  ubuntu      16.04|18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|25.10 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch
                   gentoo
                   aosc
-                  fnos
                   redhat      --img="http://access.cdn.redhat.com/xxx.qcow2"
 ```
 
 #### 可选参数
 
 - `--password PASSWORD` 设置密码
-- `--ssh-key KEY` 设置 SSH 登录公钥，支持以下格式。当使用公钥时，密码为空
+- `--ssh-key KEY` 设置 SSH 登录公钥，[格式如下](#--ssh-key)。当使用公钥时，密码为空
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key github:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
 - `--ssh-port PORT` 修改 SSH 端口（安装期间观察日志用，也作用于新系统）
 - `--web-port PORT` 修改 Web 端口（安装期间观察日志用）
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` 添加 frpc 内网穿透
+- `--frpc-config PATH` 添加 frpc 内网穿透，参数填配置文件的本地路径或 HTTP 链接
-- `--hold 2` 安装结束后不重启，此时可以 SSH 登录修改系统内容，系统挂载在 `/os` (此功能不支持 Debian/Kali)
+- `--hold 1` 仅重启到安装环境，不运行安装，用于 SSH 登录验证网络连通性
+- `--hold 2` 安装结束后不重启，用于 SSH 登录修改系统内容，Debian/Kali 会挂载在 `/target`，其它系统会挂载在 `/os`
 
 > [!TIP]
-> 安装 Debian/Kali 时，x86 可通过商家后台 VNC 查看安装进度，ARM 可通过串行控制台查看安装进度。
 >
-> 安装其它系统时，可通过多种方式（SSH、HTTP 80 端口、商家后台 VNC、串行控制台）查看安装进度。
+> 可通过多种方式（SSH、HTTP 80 端口、商家后台 VNC、串行控制台）查看安装进度。
-> <br />即使安装过程出错，也能通过 SSH 运行 `/trans.sh alpine` 安装到 Alpine。
+>
+> 即使安装过程出错，也能连接 SSH 手动救砖。
+>
+> 目标系统非 Debian/Kali 时，可以运行 `/trans.sh alpine` 自动救砖成 Alpine 系统。
 
 <details>
 
@@ -201,9 +226,15 @@ bash reinstall.sh ubuntu --installer
 
 </details>
 
-### 功能 2: DD
+### 功能 2: DD RAW 镜像到硬盘
 
-- 支持 `raw` `vhd` 格式的镜像（未压缩，或者压缩成 `.gz` `.xz` `.zst` `.tar` `.tar.gz` `.tar.xz` `.tar.zst`）
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> 此功能会清除当前系统**整个硬盘**的全部数据（包含其它分区）！
+>
+> 如果不小心运行了脚本，可以在重启前运行 `bash reinstall.sh reset` 取消重装
+
+- 支持 `raw` 和固定大小的 `vhd` 镜像。未压缩或者压缩成 `.gz` `.xz` `.zst` `.tar` `.tar.gz` `.tar.xz` `.tar.zst`
 - DD Windows 镜像时，会自动扩展系统盘，静态 IP 的机器会配置好 IP，可能首次开机几分钟后才生效
 - DD Linux 镜像时，**不会**修改镜像的任何内容
 
@@ -217,42 +248,68 @@ bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz"
 - `--rdp-port PORT` 修改 RDP 端口 (仅限 DD Windows)
 - `--ssh-port PORT` 修改 SSH 端口（安装期间观察日志用）
 - `--web-port PORT` 修改 Web 端口（安装期间观察日志用）
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` 添加 frpc 内网穿透（仅限 DD Windows）
+- `--frpc-config PATH` 添加 frpc 内网穿透（仅限 DD Windows），参数填配置文件的本地路径或 HTTP 链接
-- `--hold 2` DD 结束后不重启，此时可以 SSH 登录修改系统内容，Windows 系统会挂载在 `/os`，Linux 系统**不会**自动挂载
+- `--cloud-data PATH_OR_URL` 为 DD Linux 镜像注入 cloud-init NoCloud 配置（仅限 DD Linux）
+- `--hold 1` 仅重启到安装环境，不运行安装，用于 SSH 登录验证网络连通性
+- `--hold 2` DD 结束后不重启，用于 SSH 登录修改系统内容，Windows 系统会挂载在 `/os`，Linux 系统**不会**自动挂载
 
 > [!TIP]
+>
+> `--cloud-data` 参数为本地目录或 HTTP 基础 URL，目录须包含 `user-data` 文件，`meta-data`、`network-config` 可选：
+>
+> ```
+> seed/
+> ├── user-data      # 必须
+> ├── meta-data      # 可选
+> └── network-config # 可选
+> ```
+>
+> ```bash
+> # 使用本地目录
+> bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz" --cloud-data /path/to/seed/
+> # 使用 HTTP 目录
+> bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz" --cloud-data "https://example.com/seed/"
+> ```
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
 > 可通过多种方式（SSH、HTTP 80 端口、商家后台 VNC、串行控制台）查看安装进度。
-> <br />即使安装过程出错，也能通过 SSH 运行 `/trans.sh alpine` 安装到 Alpine。
+>
+> 即使安装过程出错，也能连接 SSH 手动救砖
+>
+> 也可以运行 `/trans.sh alpine` 自动救砖成 Alpine 系统。
 
 ### 功能 3: 重启到 <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.alpinelinux.org/alpine-logo.ico" /> Alpine Live OS（内存系统）
 
-- 可用 ssh 连接，进行备份/恢复硬盘、手动 DD、修改分区、手动安装 Alpine/Arch/Gentoo 等操作
+- 可用 ssh 连接，进行备份/恢复硬盘、手动 DD、修改分区、手动安装 Alpine 等操作
-- 用户名 `root` 默认密码 `123@@@`
+- 用户名为 `root`，脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
-- 如果手动操作没有破坏原系统，再次重启将回到原系统
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
+> 虽然运行的脚本叫 `reinstall`，但是此功能**不会**删除任何数据和进行自动重装，而是要用户手动操作
+>
+> 如果用户手动操作没有破坏原系统，再次重启将回到原系统
 
 ```bash
-bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold=1
+bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold 1
 ```
 
 #### 可选参数
 
 - `--password PASSWORD` 设置密码
 - `--ssh-port PORT` 修改 SSH 端口
-- `--ssh-key KEY` 设置 SSH 登录公钥，支持以下格式。当使用公钥时，密码为空
+- `--ssh-key KEY` 设置 SSH 登录公钥，[格式如下](#--ssh-key)。当使用公钥时，密码为空
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
+- `--frpc-config PATH` 添加 frpc 内网穿透，参数填配置文件的本地路径或 HTTP 链接
-  - `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
-  - `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key github:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
-  - `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
-  - `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` 添加 frpc 内网穿透
 
 ### 功能 4: 重启到 <img width="16" height="16" src="https://netboot.xyz/img/favicon.ico" /> netboot.xyz
 
 - 可使用商家后台 VNC 手动安装 [更多系统](https://github.com/netbootxyz/netboot.xyz?tab=readme-ov-file#what-operating-systems-are-currently-available-on-netbootxyz)
-- 如果手动操作没有破坏原系统，再次重启将回到原系统
+
+> [!TIP]
+>
+> 虽然运行的脚本叫 `reinstall`，但是此功能**不会**删除任何数据和进行自动重装，而是要用户手动操作
+>
+> 如果用户手动操作没有破坏原系统，再次重启将回到原系统
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
@@ -264,24 +321,31 @@ bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
 
 ![Windows 安装界面](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/07c1aea2-1ce3-4967-904f-aaf9d6eec3f7)
 
-- 用户名 `administrator` 默认密码 `123@@@`
+> [!CAUTION]
+>
+> 此功能会清除当前系统**整个硬盘**的全部数据（包含其它分区）！
+>
+> 如果不小心运行了脚本，可以在重启前运行 `bash reinstall.sh reset` 取消重装
+
+- 用户名为 `administrator`，脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
 - 如果远程登录失败，可以尝试使用用户名 `.\administrator`
 - 静态机器会自动配置好 IP，可能首次开机几分钟后才生效
-- 支持所有语言
+- 支持任意语言的 ISO
+- 支持绕过 Windows 11 硬件限制
 
 #### 支持的系统
 
 - Windows (Vista ~ 11)
 - Windows Server (2008 ~ 2025)
-  - Windows Server Essentials \*
+  - Windows Server Essentials
-  - Windows Server (Semi) Annual Channel \*
+  - Windows Server (Semi) Annual Channel
-  - Hyper-V Server \*
+  - Hyper-V Server
-  - Azure Stack HCI \*
+  - Azure Local (Azure Stack HCI)
 
 #### 方法 1: 让脚本自动查找 ISO
 
 - 脚本会从 <https://massgrave.dev/genuine-installation-media> 查找 ISO，该网站专门提供官方 ISO 下载
-- 上面带 \* 的系统不支持自动查找 ISO
+- 只支持查找 Windows 10, 11, Server 2019, 2022, 2025 的 ISO
 
 ```bash
 bash reinstall.sh windows \
@@ -367,7 +431,6 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11arm64>
 - 评估版
-  - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-10-enterprise>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-11-enterprise>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-11-iot-enterprise-ltsc-eval>
   - <https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/download-windows-server-2012-r2>
@@ -386,22 +449,23 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 - `--password PASSWORD` 设置密码
 - `--allow-ping` 设置 Windows 防火墙允许被 Ping
 - `--rdp-port PORT` 更改 RDP 端口
-- `--ssh-port PORT` 修改 SSH 端口（安装期间观察日志用）
+- `--ssh-port PORT` 修改 SSH 端口（仅安装期间观察日志用）
-- `--web-port PORT` 修改 Web 端口（安装期间观察日志用）
+- `--web-port PORT` 修改 Web 端口（仅安装期间观察日志用）
 - `--add-driver INF_OR_DIR` 添加额外驱动，填写 .inf 路径，或者 .inf 所在的文件夹
-  - 需先下载驱动到本地
+  - 需先下载驱动到当前系统
   - 可多次设置该参数以添加不同的驱动
-- `--frpc-toml /path/to/frpc.toml` 添加 frpc 内网穿透
+- `--frpc-config PATH` 添加 frpc 内网穿透，参数填配置文件的本地路径或 HTTP 链接
-- `--hold 2` 在进入 Windows 官方安装程序之前，可以 SSH 登录修改硬盘内容，硬盘挂载在 `/os`
+- `--hold 1` 仅重启到安装环境，不运行安装，用于 SSH 登录验证网络连通性
+- `--hold 2` 用于在进入 Windows 官方安装程序之前，SSH 登录修改 `boot.wim`、`install.wim` 或者其它内容，硬盘挂载在 `/os`
 
 #### 以下驱动会自动按需下载安装，无需手动添加
 
-- Virtio ([Virtio][virtio-virtio], [阿里云][virtio-aliyun], [腾讯云][virtio-qcloud], [GCP][virtio-gcp])
+- VirtIO ([社区版][virtio-virtio], [阿里云][virtio-aliyun], [腾讯云][virtio-qcloud], [GCP][virtio-gcp])
-- XEN ([~~XEN~~][xen-xen] (未签名), [Citrix][xen-citrix], [AWS][xen-aws])
+- XEN ([~~社区版~~][xen-xen] (未签名), [Citrix][xen-citrix], [AWS][xen-aws])
 - AWS ([ENA 网卡][aws-ena], [NVME 存储控制器][aws-nvme])
 - GCP ([gVNIC 网卡][gcp-gvnic], [GGA 显卡][gcp-gga])
 - Azure ([MANA 网卡][azure-mana])
-- Intel ([VMD 存储控制器][intel-vmd], 网卡: [7][intel-nic-7], [8][intel-nic-8], [8.1][intel-nic-8.1], [10][intel-nic-10], [11][intel-nic-11], [2008 R2][intel-nic-2008-r2], [2012][intel-nic-2012], [2012 R2][intel-nic-2012-r2], [2016][intel-nic-2016], [2019][intel-nic-2019], [2022][intel-nic-2022], [2025][intel-nic-2025])
+- Intel (VMD 存储控制器: [11代酷睿][intel-vmd-gen11], [12-15代酷睿][intel-vmd-gen12-to-gen15], 网卡: [7][intel-nic-7], [8.x][intel-nic-8.1], [10][intel-nic-10], [11][intel-nic-11], [2008 R2][intel-nic-7], [2012][intel-nic-2012], [2012 R2][intel-nic-2012-r2], [2016][intel-nic-2016], [2019][intel-nic-2019], [2022][intel-nic-2022], [2025][intel-nic-2025])
 
 [virtio-virtio]: https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/
 [virtio-aliyun]: https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/ecs/user-guide/install-the-virtio-driver-1
@@ -415,13 +479,12 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 [gcp-gvnic]: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/networking/using-gvnic
 [gcp-gga]: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/enable-instance-virtual-display
 [azure-mana]: https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-mana-windows
-[intel-vmd]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849936/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-15th-gen-platforms.html
+[intel-vmd-gen11]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849933/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-13th-gen-platforms.html
+[intel-vmd-gen12-to-gen15]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/849936/intel-rapid-storage-technology-driver-installation-software-with-intel-optane-memory-12th-to-15th-gen-platforms.html
 [intel-nic-7]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15590/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-7-final-release.html
-[intel-nic-8]: https://web.archive.org/web/20250501043104/https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/16765/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-8-final-release.html
 [intel-nic-8.1]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/17479/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-8-1.html
 [intel-nic-10]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/18293/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-10.html
 [intel-nic-11]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/727998/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-microsoft-windows-11.html
-[intel-nic-2008-r2]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15591/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2008-r2-final-release.html
 [intel-nic-2012]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/16789/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2012.html
 [intel-nic-2012-r2]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/17480/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2012-r2.html
 [intel-nic-2016]: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/18737/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-server-2016.html
@@ -431,7 +494,7 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 
 #### 如何填写映像名称 `--image-name`
 
-通常一个 ISO 会包含多个系统版本，例如家庭版、专业版。映像名称 `--image-name` 就是用来指定要安装的版本，填写时不区分大小写
+一个 ISO 通常包含多个系统版本，例如家庭版、专业版。因此需要用 `--image-name` 指定要安装的系统版本（映像名称），不区分大小写
 
 可以用 DISM、DISM++、Wimlib 等工具查询 ISO 包含的映像名称
 
@@ -454,48 +517,81 @@ Windows Server 2025 SERVERDATACENTER
 > Vista (Server 2008) 和 32 位系统可能会缺少驱动
 
 > [!WARNING]
-> 未开启 CSM 的 EFI 机器，无法安装 Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2)
 >
-> Hyper-V (Azure) 需选择合适的虚拟机代系 <https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/plan/should-i-create-a-generation-1-or-2-virtual-machine-in-hyper-v>
+> 安装 Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2) 时
+>
+> 1. EFI 引导的机器要开启 CSM
+>
+> 2. Hyper-V (Azure) 需选择第 1 代虚拟机 <https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/plan/should-i-create-a-generation-1-or-2-virtual-machine-in-hyper-v>
 
 > [!WARNING]
+>
 > Windows 10 LTSC 2021 中文版镜像 `zh-cn_windows_10_enterprise_ltsc_2021_x64_dvd_033b7312.iso` 的 `wsappx` 进程会长期占用 CPU
 >
 > 解决方法是更新系统补丁，或者手动安装 `VCLibs` 库 <https://www.google.com/search?q=ltsc+wsappx>
 
+> [!WARNING]
+>
+> 在 GCP 上安装 `2022年5月` 和之后发布的 Windows ISO，在引导 Windows 安装界面 (PE) 时会不断反复重启。解决方法如下，二选一
+>
+> 1. 添加 `--force-boot-mode bios` 参数，脚本将以 `BIOS 引导 + MBR 分区表` 方式安装 Windows
+>
+>    (可选) 安装完成后用 `MBR2GPT /convert /allowFullOS` 命令转为 `EFI 引导 + GPT 分区表`
+>
+> 2. 自制 RAW 镜像并通过 DD 安装
+
 #### ARM 安装 Windows 的注意事项
 
 大部分 ARM 机器都支持安装最新版 Windows 11
 
 安装过程可能会黑屏，串行控制台可能会显示 `ConvertPages: failed to find range`，均不影响正常安装
 
-| 兼容性 | 云服务商 | 实例类型      | 问题                                                                         |
+| 兼容性 | 云服务商 | 实例类型                | 问题                                       |
-| ------ | -------- | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| ------ | -------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
-| ✔️     | Azure    | B2pts_v2      |                                                                              |
+| ✔️     | Azure    | B2pts_v2                |                                            |
-| ✔️     | 阿里云   | g6r, c6r      |                                                                              |
+| ✔️     | AWS      | T4g                     |                                            |
-| ✔️     | 阿里云   | g8y, c8y, r8y | 有几率重启时卡开机 Logo，强制重启即可                                        |
+| ✔️     | Scaleway | COPARM1                 |                                            |
-| ✔️     | AWS      | T4g           |                                                                              |
+| ✔️     | Gcore    |                         |                                            |
-| ✔️     | Scaleway | COPARM1       |                                                                              |
+| ❔     | 阿里云   | g6r, c6r, g8y, c8y, r8y | 有几率重启时卡开机 Logo，强制重启即可      |
-| ✔️     | Gcore    |               |                                                                              |
+| ❔     | 甲骨文云 | A1.Flex                 | 不一定能安装成功，越新创建的实例越容易成功 |
-| ❔     | 甲骨文云 | A1.Flex       | 不一定能安装成功，越新创建的实例越容易成功<br />安装后还需要手动加载显卡驱动 |
+| ❌     | 谷歌云   | t2a                     | 缺少网卡驱动                               |
-| ❌     | 谷歌云   | t2a           | 缺少网卡驱动                                                                 |
 
-<details>
+### 取消重装
 
-<summary>甲骨文云加载显卡驱动</summary>
+- 如果不小心运行了脚本，可以运行以下命令取消重装
+- 需要在重启前运行
 
-使用远程桌面登录到服务器，打开设备管理器，找到显卡，选择更新驱动，在列表中选择 `Red Hat VirtIO GPU DOD controller` 即可。不需要提前下载驱动。
+```bash
+bash reinstall.sh reset
+```
 
-![virtio-gpu-1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/503e1d82-4fa9-4486-917e-73326ad7c988)
+## 参数格式
-![virtio-gpu-2](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bf3a9af6-13d8-4f93-9d6c-d3b2dbddb37d)
-![virtio-gpu-3](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a9006a78-838f-45bf-a556-2dba193d3c03)
 
-</details>
+### --ssh-key
 
-## 讨论
+- `--ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."`
+- `--ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."`
+- `--ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."`
+- `--ssh-key http://path/to/public_key`
+- `--ssh-key github:your_username`
+- `--ssh-key gitlab:your_username`
+- `--ssh-key /path/to/public_key`
+- `--ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key`
 
-[![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/badge/github-%23121011.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=github&logoColor=white)](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/issues)
+## 如何使用旧版本
-[![Telegram Group](https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-2CA5E0?style=for-the-badge&logo=telegram&logoColor=white)](https://t.me/reinstall_os)
+
+根据 Bug 守恒定律，修复旧 Bug 的同时会引入新的 Bug
+
+如果遇到新的 Bug，可以试下旧版本是否正常
+
+从 <https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/commits/main> 右侧找到旧版本的 `commit_id`
+
+```bash
+commit_id=xxxxxxx
+curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/$commit_id/reinstall.sh || wget -O ${_##*/} $_
+sed -i "/^confhome.*main$/s/main/$commit_id/" reinstall.sh
+bash reinstall.sh ...
+```
 
 ## 如何修改脚本自用
 
@@ -505,8 +601,6 @@ Windows Server 2025 SERVERDATACENTER
 
 ## 感谢
 
-[![Github Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/badge/sponsor-30363D?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitHub-Sponsors&logoColor=#EA4AAA)](https://github.com/sponsors/bin456789)
-
 感谢以下商家提供白嫖机器
 
 [![Oracle Cloud](https://github.com/bin456789/reinstall/assets/7548515/8b430ed4-8344-4f96-b4da-c2bda031cc90)](https://www.oracle.com/cloud/)

debian.cfg

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 # shellcheck disable=SC1091,SC2148
 # https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/apbs04.zh-cn.html
 # https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/example-preseed.txt
-# https://preseed.debian.net/debian-preseed/bookworm/amd64-main-full.txt
+# https://preseed.debian.net/debian-preseed/trixie/amd64-main-full.txt
 # 需要留意 kali initrd 自带的 /preseed.cfg
 
   # 下面这行语句无效，因为本行后面有反斜杠，前面有空格（安装器认为不算注释）\
-d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
+d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US.UTF-8
 
 # B.4.1. 本地化
-d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US
+d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US.UTF-8
 d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select us
 
 # B.4.2. 网络设置
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ d-i mirror/country string manual
 
 # B.4.5. 帐号设置
 d-i passwd/make-user boolean false
-# 单纯为了跳过设置，实际上是在 partman/early_command 里设置密码，preseed/early_command 无法设置密码
 # 注意如果用 ssh key 后面还要删除密码
-d-i passwd/root-password password ''
+# d-i passwd/root-password password ''
-d-i passwd/root-password-again password ''
+# d-i passwd/root-password-again password ''
+# d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password ''
 # kali 需要下面这行，否则会提示输入用户名
 d-i passwd/root-login boolean true
 
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ d-i partman-efi/non_efi_system boolean true
 # 选择 true 就一直死循环
 d-i partman-basicfilesystems/no_swap boolean false
 
+# 分区大小计算
+# https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/partman-base/-/blob/master/lib/base.sh
+
 # 最小值 膨胀权重 最大值
 # https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/partman-auto/-/blob/master/recipes/atomic?ref_type=heads
 # https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/partman-auto/-/blob/master/recipes-amd64-efi/atomic?ref_type=heads
@@ -73,6 +76,7 @@ d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_efi string efi :: \
     1 1 -1 $default_filesystem \
     method{ format } format{ } use_filesystem{ } $default_filesystem{ } mountpoint{ / } .
 
+# 大于 2T 会自动用 gpt
 # shellcheck disable=SC1083,SC2086,SC2154
 d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_bios string bios :: \
     1 1 1 free \
@@ -99,26 +103,127 @@ d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none
 d-i grub-installer/force-efi-extra-removable boolean true
 
 # B.4.12. 完成安装
-d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
+# 由下面的 hold 2 设置
+# d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
 
 # B.4.13. 预置其他的软件包
 
 # 其他设置
 # d-i anna/standard_modules boolean false
 # d-i anna/choose_modules string network-console
-# d-i network-console/password password 123@@@
+# d-i network-console/password password ''
-# d-i network-console/password-again password 123@@@
+# d-i network-console/password-again password ''
 
 # B.5.1. 安装过程中运行用户命令
 # 注意所有命令都会合并成一行命令
 
 # 最后的 true; \ 没什么用，只是让 vscode 代码高亮不报错误
 
+# debian 11+ 才有 websocketd
+
 # 有 /cdrom/simple-cdd 才安装 simple-cdd-profiles
 # 不然安装时 control 脚本会报错：
 # Loading simple-cdd-profiles failed for unknown reasons
+
+# 未下载的组件，无法用 debconf-set，需要用 debconf-set-selections
+
+# https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/network-console/-/blob/master/debian/network-console.postinst?ref_type=heads
+# https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/user-setup/-/blob/master/user-setup-apply?ref_type=heads
+
+# 此时还没有配置源，anna-install 会在配置完源后再安装
 d-i preseed/early_command string true; \
-    if [ -d /cdrom/simple-cdd ]; then anna-install simple-cdd-profiles; fi
+    for str in $(grep -wo "extra_[^ ]*" /proc/cmdline | sed 's/^extra_//'); do eval "$str"; done; \
+
+    di(){ \
+        echo "d-i $*" >/tmp/selections.cfg; \
+        echo "d-i $*" >>/tmp/selections.cfg.all; \
+        debconf-set-selections /tmp/selections.cfg; \
+        rm -f /tmp/selections.cfg; \
+    }; \
+
+    run_as_service_with_screen() { \
+        if ! [ -f /etc/screenrc.bak ]; then \
+            cp /etc/screenrc /etc/screenrc.bak; \
+        fi; \
+        true >/etc/screenrc; \
+        screen sh -c 'while true; do pidof ${1##*/} || "$@"; sleep 5; done' _ "$@"; \
+        cp -f /etc/screenrc.bak /etc/screenrc; \
+    }; \
+
+    if [ "$hold" = 1 ]; then \
+        di auto-install/enable boolean false; \
+        di debconf/priority select low; \
+        di partman/early_command string; \
+    else \
+        { \
+            echo 'Reinstalling...'; \
+            echo 'Option 1. View logs:'; \
+            echo '    tail -fn+1 /var/log/syslog'; \
+            echo 'Option 2. Attach to the installer:'; \
+            echo '    TERM=screen screen -xp1'; \
+        } >>/etc/motd; \
+        mem=$(grep ^MemTotal: /proc/meminfo | { read -r _ y _; echo "$((y / 1024))"; }); \
+        if command -v websocketd && [ "$mem" -ge 400 ]; then \
+            for _ in {1..10}; do \
+                if wget "$confhome/logviewer.html" -O /tmp/index.html; then \
+                    break; \
+                fi; \
+                sleep 5; \
+            done; \
+            if [ -z "$web_port" ]; then \
+                web_port=80; \
+            fi; \
+            run_as_service_with_screen websocketd --port 80 --loglevel=fatal --staticdir=/tmp \
+                sh -c "tail -fn+0 /var/log/syslog | tr '\r' '\n' | grep -Fiv -e password -e token" ; \
+        fi; \
+    fi; \
+
+    if ! [ "$hold" = 2 ]; then \
+        di finish-install/reboot_in_progress note; \
+    fi; \
+
+    if [ -s /configs/ssh_keys ]; then \
+        di passwd/root-password-crypted password "''"; \
+    else \
+        di passwd/root-password-crypted password "$(cat /configs/password-linux-sha512)"; \
+    fi; \
+
+    mkdir -p /etc/ssh; \
+    true >/etc/ssh/sshd_config; \
+    if [ -s /configs/ssh_keys ]; then \
+        (umask 077; mkdir -p /.ssh; cat /configs/ssh_keys >/.ssh/authorized_keys); \
+    else \
+        echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >>/etc/ssh/sshd_config; \
+    fi; \
+    if [ -n "$ssh_port" ] && ! [ "$ssh_port" = 22 ]; then \
+        echo "Port $ssh_port" >>/etc/ssh/sshd_config; \
+    fi; \
+    grep -qs ^root: /etc/shadow || echo "root:$(cat /configs/password-linux-sha512):1:0:99999:7:::" >>/etc/shadow; \
+    grep -qs ^nogroup: /etc/group || echo "nogroup:*:65534:" >>/etc/group; \
+    grep -qs ^sshd: /etc/passwd || echo "sshd:*:100:65534::/run/sshd:/bin/false" >>/etc/passwd; \
+    mkdir -p /run/sshd; \
+    chmod 0755 /run/sshd; \
+    ssh-keygen -A; \
+    run_as_service_with_screen /usr/sbin/sshd -D; \
+
+    if ls /configs/frpc.* >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
+        url=$(sh /get-frpc-url.sh linux); \
+        mkdir -p /usr/local/bin; \
+        mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/frpc; \
+        for _ in {1..10}; do \
+            if wget -O- "$url" | tar xz "*/frpc" -O >/usr/local/bin/frpc; then \
+                break; \
+            fi; \
+            sleep 5; \
+        done; \
+        chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/frpc; \
+        cp /configs/frpc.* /usr/local/etc/frpc/; \
+        run_as_service_with_screen /usr/local/bin/frpc -c /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.*; \
+    fi; \
+
+    if [ -d /cdrom/simple-cdd ]; then \
+        anna-install simple-cdd-profiles; \
+    fi
 
 # debian 11 initrd 没有 xargs awk
 # debian 12 initrd 没有 xargs
@@ -132,10 +237,11 @@ d-i partman/early_command string true; \
     true >$postinst; \
 
     swapfile=/target/swapfile; \
-    mem=$(grep ^MemTotal: /proc/meminfo | { read -r _ y _; echo "$y"; }); \
+    mem=$(grep ^MemTotal: /proc/meminfo | { read -r _ y _; echo "$((y / 1024))"; }); \
-    mem=$((mem / 1024)); \
     swap_size=$((512 - mem)); \
-    [ $swap_size -gt 0 ] && echo "fallocate -l ${swap_size}M $swapfile; mkswap $swapfile; swapon $swapfile" >>$postinst; \
+    if [ $swap_size -gt 0 ]; then \
+       echo "fallocate -l ${swap_size}M $swapfile; mkswap $swapfile; swapon $swapfile" >>$postinst; \
+    fi; \
 
     echo "swapoff -a; rm -f $swapfile" >/usr/lib/finish-install.d/95swapoff; \
     chmod a+x /usr/lib/finish-install.d/95swapoff; \
@@ -152,12 +258,15 @@ d-i partman/early_command string true; \
 
     eths=$(cd /dev/netconf/ && ls); \
 
-    sh /can_use_cloud_kernel.sh "$xda" $eths || debconf-set base-installer/kernel/image "$(debconf-get base-installer/kernel/image | sed 's/-cloud//')"; \
+    if ! sh /can_use_cloud_kernel.sh "$xda" $eths; then \
+        debconf-set base-installer/kernel/image "$(debconf-get base-installer/kernel/image | sed 's/-cloud//')"; \
+    fi; \
 
-    [ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && debconf-set partman-auto/expert_recipe "$(debconf-get partman-auto/expert_recipe_efi)"; \
+    if [ -d /sys/firmware/efi ]; then \
-    [ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] || debconf-set partman-auto/expert_recipe "$(debconf-get partman-auto/expert_recipe_bios)"; \
+        debconf-set partman-auto/expert_recipe "$(debconf-get partman-auto/expert_recipe_efi)"; \
-
+    else \
-    debconf-set passwd/root-password-crypted "$(cat /configs/password-linux-sha512)"; \
+        debconf-set partman-auto/expert_recipe "$(debconf-get partman-auto/expert_recipe_bios)"; \
+    fi; \
 
     true >/bin/os-prober
 
@@ -187,18 +296,12 @@ d-i preseed/late_command string true; \
         echo "Port $ssh_port" >>/target/etc/ssh/sshd_config; \
     fi; \
 
-    if [ -s /configs/frpc.toml ]; then \
+    if ls /configs/frpc.* >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
-        url=$(sh /get-frpc-url.sh linux); \
-        basename=$(echo "$url" | sed 's,.*/,,' | sed 's,\.tar\.gz,,'); \
         mkdir -p /target/usr/local/bin; \
         mkdir -p /target/usr/local/etc/frpc; \
-        for i in {1..5}; do \
+        cp /usr/local/bin/frpc /target/usr/local/bin/; \
-            wget -O /target/frpc.tar.gz "$url" && break; \
+        cp /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.* /target/usr/local/etc/frpc/; \
-        done; \
-        tar xzf /target/frpc.tar.gz "$basename/frpc" -O >/target/usr/local/bin/frpc; \
-        rm -f /target/frpc.tar.gzx; \
         chmod a+x /target/usr/local/bin/frpc; \
-        cp /configs/frpc.toml /target/usr/local/etc/frpc/; \
         cp /frpc.service /target/etc/systemd/system/; \
         in-target systemctl enable frpc; \
     fi; \

fix-eth-name.sh

@@ -48,20 +48,39 @@ retry() {
 # 用 systemd-analyze plot >a.svg 发现 sys-subsystem-net-devices-enp3s0.device 也是出现在 NetworkManager 之后
 # 因此需要等待网卡出现
 get_ethx_by_mac() {
-    mac=$(echo "$1" | to_lower)
+    retry 10 _get_ethx_by_mac "$@"
-    retry 10 _get_ethx_by_mac "$mac"
 }
 
 _get_ethx_by_mac() {
+    mac=$(echo "$1" | to_lower)
+
+    flag=$2
+    if [ -z "$flag" ]; then
+        flag=master
+    fi
+
     if true; then
-        # 过滤 azure vf (带 master ethx)
+        if [ "$flag" = master ]; then
-        ip -o link | grep -i "$mac" | grep -v master | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d: -f1 | grep .
+            # master
-        return
+            # 过滤 azure vf (带 master ethx)
+            ip -o link | grep -i "$mac" | grep -v master | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d: -f1 | grep .
+        else
+            # slave
+            # 带 master ethx
+            ip -o link | grep -i "$mac" | grep -w master | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d: -f1 | grep .
+        fi
     else
         for i in $(cd /sys/class/net && echo *); do
             if [ "$(cat "/sys/class/net/$i/address")" = "$mac" ]; then
-                echo "$i"
+                if [ $(($(cat "/sys/class/net/$i/flags") & 0x800)) -ne 0 ]; then
-                return
+                    fact_flag=slave
+                else
+                    fact_flag=master
+                fi
+                if [ "$flag" = "$fact_flag" ]; then
+                    echo "$i"
+                    return
+                fi
             fi
         done
         return 1
@@ -138,6 +157,23 @@ fix_network_manager() {
 
         # 更改文件名
         mv "$file" "$proper_file"
+
+        # NM 不会自动忽略 Azure 的 slave 网卡，需手动设置
+        # azure 文档中的方法不够通用，只适合 azure
+        # https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/azure/virtual-network/accelerated-networking-overview
+
+        # 我们采用红帽的方法
+        # https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/configuring_and_managing_networking/configuring-networkmanager-to-ignore-certain-devices_configuring-and-managing-networking
+        if slave_ethx=$(get_ethx_by_mac "$mac" slave); then
+            cat >"/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/99-$slave_ethx-unmanaged.conf" <<EOF
+[device-$slave_ethx-unmanaged]
+match-device=interface-name:$slave_ethx
+managed=0
+EOF
+        fi
+
+        # 也可以设置 unmanaged-devices, 但是官方文档不推荐
+        # https://networkmanager.pages.freedesktop.org/NetworkManager/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf.html#:~:text=may%20be%20a-,better%20choice,-.
     done
 }
 

frpc-example.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-serverAddr = "YOUR_FRP_SERVER_IP"
+serverAddr = "11.22.33.44"
 serverPort = 7000
-auth.token = "YOUR_FRP_TOKEN"
+auth.token = "123456"
 
 [[proxies]]
 name = "ssh"

frpc.service

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ Type=simple
 User=nobody
 Restart=on-failure
 RestartSec=5s
-ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/frpc -c /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.toml
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/frpc -c /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.conf
-ExecReload=/usr/local/bin/frpc reload -c /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.toml
+ExecReload=/usr/local/bin/frpc reload -c /usr/local/etc/frpc/frpc.conf
 
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

get-frpc-url.sh

@@ -10,21 +10,48 @@ is_in_china() {
 }
 
 is_ipv6_only() {
-    ! grep -q 1 /dev/netconf/eth*/ipv4_has_internet
+    ! grep -q 1 /dev/netconf/*/ipv4_has_internet
 }
 
 get_frpc_url() {
     # 传入 windows 或者 linux
     local os_type=$1
     local nt_ver=$2
+    local os_bit=${3:-64}
+
+    get_old_version() {
+        # 脚本不支持安装 32 位 linux 系统，因此不用管
+        if [ "$os_type" = windows ]; then
+            # 最早支持 toml 的版本是 0.52.0
+
+            # 最后支持 vista 的版本是 0.29.0
+            # 最后支持 32 位的版本是 0.51.3
+            # 最后支持 win7 的版本是 0.54.0
+            case "$os_bit" in
+            32)
+                case "$nt_ver" in
+                6.0) echo 0.29.0 ;; # vista
+                *) echo 0.51.3 ;;   # win7+
+                esac
+                ;;
+            64)
+                case "$nt_ver" in
+                6.0) echo 0.29.0 ;; # vista
+                6.1) echo 0.54.0 ;; # win7
+                # 目前最新版本 v0.66.0 依然可以在 win8 上运行
+                esac
+                ;;
+            esac
+        fi
+    }
 
     is_need_old_version() {
-        [ "$nt_ver" = "6.0" ] || [ "$nt_ver" = "6.1" ]
+        [ -n "$(get_old_version)" ]
     }
 
     version=$(
         if is_need_old_version; then
-            echo 0.54.0
+            get_old_version
         else
             # debian 11 initrd 没有 xargs awk
             # debian 12 initrd 没有 xargs
@@ -46,7 +73,7 @@ get_frpc_url() {
     )
 
     if [ -z "$version" ]; then
-        echo 'cannot find version'
+        echo 'cannot find version' >&2
         return 1
     fi
 
@@ -60,10 +87,11 @@ get_frpc_url() {
     mirror=$(
         # nju 没有 win7 用的旧版
         # github 不支持 ipv6
+        # daocloud 加速不支持 ipv6
         # jsdelivr 不支持 github releases 文件
         if is_ipv6_only; then
             if is_need_old_version; then
-                echo 'NOT_SUPPORT'
+                echo 'NOT_SUPPORT' >&2
                 return 1
             else
                 echo https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/github-release/fatedier/frp
@@ -71,7 +99,7 @@ get_frpc_url() {
         else
             if is_in_china; then
                 if is_need_old_version; then
-                    echo https://github.com/fatedier/frp/releases/download
+                    echo https://files.m.daocloud.io/github.com/fatedier/frp/releases/download
                 else
                     echo https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/github-release/fatedier/frp
                 fi
@@ -83,7 +111,12 @@ get_frpc_url() {
 
     arch=$(
         case "$(uname -m)" in
-        x86_64) echo amd64 ;;
+        x86_64)
+            case "$os_bit" in
+            32) echo 386 ;;
+            64) echo amd64 ;;
+            esac
+            ;;
         aarch64) echo arm64 ;;
         esac
     )

initrd-network.sh

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ ipv4_gateway=$3
 ipv6_addr=$4
 ipv6_gateway=$5
 is_in_china=$6
+ipv6_extra_addrs=$7
 
 DHCP_TIMEOUT=15
 DNS_FILE_TIMEOUT=5
@@ -171,6 +172,15 @@ add_missing_ipv6_config() {
                 ip -6 route add default via "$ipv6_gateway" dev "$ethx" onlink
             fi
         fi
+
+        # 添加额外的 IPv6 地址（逗号分隔）
+        if [ -n "$ipv6_extra_addrs" ]; then
+            printf '%s\n' "$ipv6_extra_addrs" | tr ',' '\n' | while IFS= read -r addr; do
+                if [ -n "$addr" ]; then
+                    ip -6 addr add "$addr" dev "$ethx" 2>/dev/null || true
+                fi
+            done
+        fi
     fi
 }
 
@@ -240,11 +250,17 @@ test_connect() {
 test_internet() {
     for i in $(seq 5); do
         echo "Testing Internet Connection. Test $i... "
-        if is_need_test_ipv4 && { local current_ipv4_addr; current_ipv4_addr="$(get_first_ipv4_addr | remove_netmask)"; test_connect "$current_ipv4_addr" "$ipv4_dns1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || test_connect "$current_ipv4_addr" "$ipv4_dns2" >/dev/null 2>&1; }; then
+        if is_need_test_ipv4 &&
+            current_ipv4_addr="$(get_first_ipv4_addr | remove_netmask)" &&
+            { test_connect "$current_ipv4_addr" "$ipv4_dns1" ||
+                test_connect "$current_ipv4_addr" "$ipv4_dns2"; } >/dev/null 2>&1; then
             echo "IPv4 has internet."
             ipv4_has_internet=true
         fi
-        if is_need_test_ipv6 && { local current_ipv6_addr; current_ipv6_addr="$(get_first_ipv6_addr | remove_netmask)"; test_connect "$current_ipv6_addr" "$ipv6_dns1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || test_connect "$current_ipv6_addr" "$ipv6_dns2" >/dev/null 2>&1; }; then
+        if is_need_test_ipv6 &&
+            current_ipv6_addr="$(get_first_ipv6_addr | remove_netmask)" &&
+            { test_connect "$current_ipv6_addr" "$ipv6_dns1" ||
+                test_connect "$current_ipv6_addr" "$ipv6_dns2"; } >/dev/null 2>&1; then
             echo "IPv6 has internet."
             ipv6_has_internet=true
         fi
@@ -339,13 +355,14 @@ EOF
     db_progress INFO netcfg/link_detect_progress
 else
     # alpine
-    # h3c 移动云电脑使用 udhcpc 会重复提示 sending select，无法获得 ipv6，因此使用 dhcpcd
+    # h3c 移动云电脑使用 udhcpc 会重复提示 sending select，因此添加 timeout 强制结束进程
-    method=dhcpcd
+    # dhcpcd 会配置租约时间，过期会移除 IP，但我们的没有在后台运行 dhcpcd ，因此用 udhcpc
+    method=udhcpc
 
     case "$method" in
     udhcpc)
-        udhcpc -i "$ethx" -f -q -n || true
+        timeout $DHCP_TIMEOUT udhcpc -i "$ethx" -f -q -n || true
-        udhcpc6 -i "$ethx" -f -q -n || true
+        timeout $DHCP_TIMEOUT udhcpc6 -i "$ethx" -f -q -n || true
         sleep $DNS_FILE_TIMEOUT # 好像不用等待写入 dns，但是以防万一
         ;;
     dhcpcd)
@@ -369,6 +386,10 @@ else
             sleep $DNS_FILE_TIMEOUT                # 需要等待写入 dns
             dhcpcd -x "$ethx"                      # 终止
         fi
+        # autoconf 和 accept_ra 会被 dhcpcd 自动关闭，因此需要重新打开
+        # 如果没重新打开，重新运行 dhcpcd 命令依然可以正常生成 slaac 地址和路由
+        sysctl -w "net.ipv6.conf.$ethx.autoconf=1"
+        sysctl -w "net.ipv6.conf.$ethx.accept_ra=1"
         ;;
     esac
 fi
@@ -495,5 +516,6 @@ echo "$ipv4_addr" >"$netconf/ipv4_addr"
 echo "$ipv4_gateway" >"$netconf/ipv4_gateway"
 echo "$ipv6_addr" >"$netconf/ipv6_addr"
 echo "$ipv6_gateway" >"$netconf/ipv6_gateway"
+echo "$ipv6_extra_addrs" >"$netconf/ipv6_extra_addrs"
 $ipv4_has_internet && echo 1 >"$netconf/ipv4_has_internet" || echo 0 >"$netconf/ipv4_has_internet"
 $ipv6_has_internet && echo 1 >"$netconf/ipv6_has_internet" || echo 0 >"$netconf/ipv6_has_internet"

logviewer.html

@@ -66,6 +66,12 @@
         const scrollToBottomButton = document.getElementById('scroll-to-bottom');
         let shouldScrollToBottom = true;
 
+        // 缓冲区相关
+        let messageBuffer = [];
+        let flushScheduled = false;
+        const BUFFER_FLUSH_INTERVAL = 100; // 毫秒
+        const BUFFER_MAX_SIZE = 50; // 最大缓冲消息数
+
         scrollToBottomButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
             logContainer.scrollTop = logContainer.scrollHeight;
         });
@@ -81,30 +87,71 @@
             shouldScrollToBottom = isAtBottom;
         });
 
-        var ws = new ReconnectingWebSocket('ws://' + location.host + '/');
+        // 刷新缓冲区到 DOM
-        ws.onopen = function () {
+        function flushBuffer() {
-            logContainer.textContent += '\nWebSocket Connected.';
+            if (messageBuffer.length === 0) {
-        };
+                flushScheduled = false;
-        ws.onclose = function () {
+                return;
-            logContainer.textContent += '\nWebSocket Disconnected.';
+            }
-        };
+
-        ws.onmessage = function (event) {
+            // 批量更新文本内容
-            logContainer.textContent += '\n' + event.data;
+            const batchText = messageBuffer.join('\n');
+            logContainer.textContent += '\n' + batchText;
+
+            // 检查状态变化（优先级：error > done > start）
+            if (batchText.includes('***** ERROR *****')) {
+                document.body.className = 'error';
+            } else if (batchText.includes('***** DONE *****')) {
+                document.body.className = 'done';
+            } else if (batchText.includes('***** START TRANS *****')) {
+                document.body.className = '';
+            }
+
+            // 自动滚动
             if (shouldScrollToBottom) {
                 logContainer.scrollTop = logContainer.scrollHeight;
             }
-            // 开始/重新开始
+
-            if (event.data.includes('***** START TRANS *****')) {
+            // 清空缓冲区
-                document.body.className = ''
+            messageBuffer = [];
+            flushScheduled = false;
+        }
+
+        // 调度刷新
+        function scheduleFlush() {
+            if (!flushScheduled) {
+                flushScheduled = true;
+                requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+                    setTimeout(flushBuffer, BUFFER_FLUSH_INTERVAL);
+                });
             }
-            // 错误
+        }
-            else if (event.data.includes('***** ERROR *****')) {
+
-                document.body.className = 'error'
+        // 添加消息到缓冲区
-            }
+        function bufferMessage(message) {
-            // 完成
+            messageBuffer.push(message);
-            else if (event.data.includes('***** DONE *****')) {
+
-                document.body.className = 'done'
+            // 如果缓冲区满了，立即刷新
+            if (messageBuffer.length >= BUFFER_MAX_SIZE) {
+                if (flushScheduled) {
+                    // 取消之前的调度，立即刷新
+                    flushScheduled = false;
+                }
+                flushBuffer();
+            } else {
+                scheduleFlush();
             }
+        }
+
+        var ws = new ReconnectingWebSocket('ws://' + location.host + '/');
+        ws.onopen = function () {
+            bufferMessage('WebSocket Connected.');
+        };
+        ws.onclose = function () {
+            bufferMessage('WebSocket Disconnected.');
+        };
+        ws.onmessage = function (event) {
+            bufferMessage(event.data);
         };
     </script>
 </body>

reinstall.bat

@@ -131,6 +131,13 @@ call :check_cygwin_installed || (
         set dir=/sourceware/cygwin
     )
 
+    rem daocloud 加速有 90 天缓存，且不支持 IPv6
+    rem https://github.com/DaoCloud/public-binary-files-mirror
+    rem 无法用查询字符串强制刷新缓存
+    rem https://files.m.daocloud.io/www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace?a=1
+    rem https://files.m.daocloud.io/www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace?b=2
+    rem 也就无法用 https://www.cygwin.com/setup-x86_64.exe?xxx=20250101 强制每天刷新缓存
+
     rem 下载 Cygwin
     if not exist setup-!CygwinArch!.exe (
         call :download http://www.cygwin.com/setup-!CygwinArch!.exe %~dp0setup-!CygwinArch!.exe || goto :download_failed
@@ -195,7 +202,7 @@ rem bitsadmin /transfer "%~3" /priority foreground %~1 %~2
 :download
 rem certutil 会被 windows Defender 报毒
 rem windows server 2019 要用第二条 certutil 命令
-echo Download: %~1 %~2
+echo Downloading: %~1 %~2
 del /q "%~2" 2>nul
 if exist "%~2" (echo Cannot delete %~2 & exit /b 1)
 

windows-set-netconf.bat

@@ -12,56 +12,90 @@ rem set ipv6_dns2=::2
 
 @echo off
 mode con cp select=437 >nul
-setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
 
 rem 禁用 IPv6 地址标识符的随机化，防止 IPv6 和后台面板不一致
 netsh interface ipv6 set global randomizeidentifiers=disabled
 
 rem 检查是否定义了 MAC 地址
-if defined mac_addr (
+if not defined mac_addr goto :del
-    for /f %%a in ('wmic nic where "MACAddress='%mac_addr%'" get InterfaceIndex ^| findstr [0-9]') do set id=%%a
-    if defined id (
-        rem 配置静态 IPv4 地址和网关
-        if defined ipv4_addr if defined ipv4_gateway (
-        rem gwmetric 默认值为 1，自动跃点需设为 0
-            netsh interface ipv4 set address !id! static !ipv4_addr! gateway=!ipv4_gateway! gwmetric=0
-        )
 
-        rem 配置静态 IPv4 DNS 服务器
+rem vista 没有自带 powershell
-        for %%i in (1, 2) do (
+rem win11 24h2 安装后有 wmic，但是过一段时间会自动删除，因此有的 dd 镜像没有 wmic
-            if defined ipv4_dns%%i (
+if exist "%windir%\system32\wbem\wmic.exe" (
-                netsh interface ipv4 add | findstr "dnsservers"
+    rem wmic 换行符是 \r\r\n
-                if ErrorLevel 1 (
+    rem 虽然这里用了 findstr 全字匹配 ，但是结尾还是有 \r
-                    rem vista
+    for /f "tokens=2 delims==" %%a in (
-                    netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver !id! !ipv4_dns%%i! %%i
+        'wmic nic where "MACAddress='%mac_addr%'" get InterfaceIndex /format:list ^| findstr "^InterfaceIndex=[0-9][0-9]*$"'
-                ) else (
+    ) do set id=%%a
-                    rem win7
+)
-                    netsh interface ipv4 add dnsservers !id! !ipv4_dns%%i! %%i no
+
-                )
+if not defined id (
+    for /f %%a in ('powershell -NoLogo -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass ^
+        -Command "(Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapter | Where-Object { $_.MACAddress -eq '%mac_addr%' }).InterfaceIndex" ^| findstr "^[0-9][0-9]*$"'
+    ) do set id=%%a
+)
+
+if not defined id (
+    for /f %%a in ('powershell -NoLogo -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass ^
+        -Command "(Get-CimInstance Win32_NetworkAdapter | Where-Object { $_.MACAddress -eq '%mac_addr%' }).InterfaceIndex" ^| findstr "^[0-9][0-9]*$"'
+    ) do set id=%%a
+)
+
+if defined id (
+    rem 配置静态 IPv4 地址和网关
+    if defined ipv4_addr if defined ipv4_gateway (
+        rem 如果使用了 setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
+        rem netsh interface ipv4 set address !id! static %ipv4_addr% gateway=%ipv4_gateway% gwmetric=0
+        rem !id! 变量最后有 \r 会导致语句不正确
+        rem %id% 变量则没有这个问题
+
+        rem gwmetric 默认值为 1，自动跃点需设为 0
+        netsh interface ipv4 set address %id% static %ipv4_addr% gateway=%ipv4_gateway% gwmetric=0
+    )
+
+    rem 配置静态 IPv4 DNS 服务器
+    for %%i in (1, 2) do (
+        if defined ipv4_dns%%i (
+            netsh interface ipv4 add | findstr "dnsservers" >nul
+            if ErrorLevel 1 (
+                rem vista
+                setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
+                netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver %id% !ipv4_dns%%i! %%i
+                endlocal
+            ) else (
+                rem win7
+                setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
+                netsh interface ipv4 add dnsservers %id% !ipv4_dns%%i! %%i no
+                endlocal
             )
         )
+    )
 
-        rem 配置 IPv6 地址和网关
+    rem 配置 IPv6 地址和网关
-        if defined ipv6_addr if defined ipv6_gateway (
+    if defined ipv6_addr if defined ipv6_gateway (
-            netsh interface ipv6 set address !id! !ipv6_addr!
+        netsh interface ipv6 set address %id% %ipv6_addr%
-            netsh interface ipv6 add route prefix=::/0 !id! !ipv6_gateway!
+        netsh interface ipv6 add route prefix=::/0 %id% %ipv6_gateway%
-        )
+    )
 
-        rem 配置 IPv6 DNS 服务器
+    rem 配置 IPv6 DNS 服务器
-        for %%i in (1, 2) do (
+    for %%i in (1, 2) do (
-            if defined ipv6_dns%%i (
+        if defined ipv6_dns%%i (
-                netsh interface ipv6 add | findstr "dnsservers"
+            netsh interface ipv6 add | findstr "dnsservers" >nul
-                if ErrorLevel 1 (
+            if ErrorLevel 1 (
-                    rem vista
+                rem vista
-                    netsh interface ipv6 add dnsserver !id! !ipv6_dns%%i! %%i
+                setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
-                ) else (
+                netsh interface ipv6 add dnsserver %id% !ipv6_dns%%i! %%i
-                    rem win7
+                endlocal
-                    netsh interface ipv6 add dnsservers !id! !ipv6_dns%%i! %%i no
+            ) else (
-                )
+                rem win7
+                setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
+                netsh interface ipv6 add dnsservers %id% !ipv6_dns%%i! %%i no
+                endlocal
             )
         )
     )
 )
 
+:del
 rem 删除此脚本
 del "%~f0"