windows: 更准确地识别镜像系统版本

fedora: 添加 44

.github/workflows/run_reinstall.yml

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
 
           ${{ matrix.command }} netboot.xyz
           ${{ matrix.command }} dd --img=https://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/appliances/openSUSE-MicroOS.x86_64-SelfInstall.raw.xz
-          ${{ matrix.command }} windows --image-name='Windows Server blah' --iso https://aka.ms/HCIReleaseImage
+          ${{ matrix.command }} windows --image-name='Windows Server blah' --iso https://aka.ms/HCIReleaseImage --username administrator
 
           ${{ matrix.command }} reset
 

README.en.md

@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ The system requirements for the target system are as follows:
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://opencloudos.org/qq.ico" /> OpenCloudOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 8, 9, Stream 23                       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 42, 43                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 43, 44                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.09          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (Rolling) | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 16.0, Tumbleweed (Rolling)       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ certutil -urlcache -f -split https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main
 
 - Username `root`. The script prompts for a password. If left blank, a random one is generated.
 - When installing the latest version, the version number does not need to be specified.
-- Maximizes disk space usage: no boot partition (except for Fedora) and no swap partition.
+- Maximizes disk space utilization: no boot or swap partitions.
 - Automatically selects different optimized kernels based on machine type, such as `Cloud` or `HWE` kernels.
 - When installing Red Hat, you must provide the `qcow2` image link obtained from <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel>. You can also install `qcow2` of other RHEL-based OS, such as `Alibaba Cloud Linux` and `TencentOS Server`.
 - After reinstallation, if you need to change the SSH port or switch to key-based login, make sure to also modify the files inside `/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/`.
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   centos      9|10
                   fnos        1
                   nixos       25.11
-                  fedora      42|43
+                  fedora      43|44
                   debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                  opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
+                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                   alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
-                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09
                   ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch
@@ -327,8 +327,9 @@ bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
 >
 > If the script was run by mistake, you can run `bash reinstall.sh reset` before rebooting to cancel the reinstallation operation.
 
-- Username `administrator`. The script prompts for a password. If left blank, a random one is generated.
+- The script prompts for a username. If left blank, will use `administrator`.
-- If remote login fails, try using the username `.\administrator`.
+- The script prompts for a password. If left blank, will use a random one.
+- If remote login fails, try adding `.\` before the username, for example, `.\administrator`.
 - The machine with a static IP will automatically configure the IP. It may take a few minutes to take effect on the first boot.
 - Supports ISO images in any language.
 - Automatically bypassing Windows 11 hardware requirements.
@@ -446,6 +447,7 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 
 #### Optional Parameters
 
+- `--username USERNAME` Set Username (for Windows only)
 - `--password PASSWORD` Set Password
 - `--allow-ping` Configure Windows Firewall to Allow Ping Responses
 - `--rdp-port PORT` Change RDP port

README.md

@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.redhat.com/favicon.ico" /> RHEL &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://almalinux.org/fav/favicon.ico" /> AlmaLinux &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://rockylinux.org/favicon.png" /> Rocky &nbsp;<img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.oracle.com/asset/web/favicons/favicon-32.png" /> Oracle | 8, 9, 10                              | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://opencloudos.org/qq.ico" /> OpenCloudOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 8, 9, Stream 23                       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 42, 43                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 43, 44                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.09          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (滚动)    | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 16.0, Tumbleweed (滚动)          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ certutil -urlcache -f -split https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main
 
 - 用户名为 `root`，脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
 - 安装最新版可不输入版本号
-- 最大化利用磁盘空间：不含 boot 分区（Fedora 例外），不含 swap 分区
+- 最大化利用磁盘空间：不含 boot 和 swap 分区
 - 自动根据机器类型选择不同的优化内核，例如 `Cloud`、`HWE` 内核
 - 安装 Red Hat 时需填写 <https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel> 得到的 `qcow2` 镜像链接，也可以安装其它类 RHEL 系统的 `qcow2`，例如 `Alibaba Cloud Linux` 和 `TencentOS Server`
 - 重装后如需修改 SSH 端口或者改成密钥登录，注意还要修改 `/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/` 里面的文件
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   centos      9|10
                   fnos        1
                   nixos       25.11
-                  fedora      42|43
+                  fedora      43|44
                   debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                  opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
+                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                   alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
-                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09
                   ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch
@@ -327,8 +327,9 @@ bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz
 >
 > 如果不小心运行了脚本，可以在重启前运行 `bash reinstall.sh reset` 取消重装
 
-- 用户名为 `administrator`，脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
+- 脚本会提示输入用户名，不输入则使用 `administrator`
-- 如果远程登录失败，可以尝试使用用户名 `.\administrator`
+- 脚本会提示输入密码，不输入则使用随机密码
+- 如果远程登录失败，请尝试在用户名前添加 `.\`，例如 `.\administrator`
 - 静态机器会自动配置好 IP，可能首次开机几分钟后才生效
 - 支持任意语言的 ISO
 - 自动绕过 Windows 11 硬件限制
@@ -446,6 +447,7 @@ bash reinstall.sh windows \
 
 #### 可选参数
 
+- `--username USERNAME` 设置用户名（仅限 Windows）
 - `--password PASSWORD` 设置密码
 - `--allow-ping` 设置 Windows 防火墙允许被 Ping
 - `--rdp-port PORT` 更改 RDP 端口

cloud-init-fix-onlink.sh

@@ -170,47 +170,6 @@ GatewayOnLink=yes
     fi
 }
 
-fix_wicked_conf() {
-    # https://github.com/openSUSE/wicked/wiki/FAQ#q-why-wicked-does-not-set-my-default-static-route
-
-    # 修改前
-    # default 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # default 2602::1 - -
-
-    # 修改后
-    # 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # 2602::1 - -
-    # default 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # default 2602::1 - -
-
-    if ! confs=$(ls "$os_dir/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-"* 2>/dev/null); then
-        return
-    fi
-
-    for conf in $confs; do
-        # 判断 bug 是否已经修复
-        if grep -v 'default' "$conf" | grep -q '-'; then
-            return
-        fi
-
-        # 获取网关
-        gateways=$(awk '$1=="default" {print $2}' "$conf")
-        if [ -z "$gateways" ]; then
-            return
-        fi
-
-        # 创建新条目
-        for gateway in $gateways; do
-            echo "$gateway - -"
-        done | insert_into_file "$conf" head
-    done
-
-    # 重新应用配置
-    if systemctl -q is-enabled wicked; then
-        systemctl restart wicked
-    fi
-}
-
 # ubuntu 18.04 cloud-init 版本 23.1.2，因此不用处理
 
 # debian 10/11 云镜像原本用 ifupdown + resolvconf，脚本改成用 netplan + networkd/resolved
@@ -224,6 +183,3 @@ fix_netplan_conf
 # 只需对云镜像处理
 # 因为普通安装用的是 alpine 的 cloud-init，版本够新，不用处理
 fix_networkd_conf
-
-# opensuse 15.5: ifcfg + netconfig (dns) + wicked
-fix_wicked_conf

fix-eth-name.service

@@ -9,10 +9,6 @@ Before=network.service
 Before=networking.service
 Before=systemd-networkd.service
 Before=NetworkManager.service
-Before=wickedd-auto4.service
-Before=wickedd-dhcp4.service
-Before=wickedd-dhcp6.service
-Before=wickedd.service
 
 Before=network.target
 

reinstall.sh

@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ Usage: $reinstall_____ anolis      7|8|23
                        centos      9|10
                        fnos        1
                        nixos       25.11
-                       fedora      42|43
+                       fedora      43|44
                        debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                       opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
+                       openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                        alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                       opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
-                       openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09
                        ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                        kali
                        arch
@@ -1479,13 +1479,11 @@ Continue?
             # leap
             dir=distribution/leap/$releasever/appliances
             case "$releasever" in
-            15.6) file=openSUSE-Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-Cloud.qcow2 ;;
             16.0) file=Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-Cloud.qcow2 ;;
             # 16.0) file=Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-kvm$(if [ "$basearch" = x86_64 ]; then echo '-and-xen'; fi).qcow2 ;;
             esac
 
             # https://src.opensuse.org/openSUSE/Leap-Images/src/branch/leap-16.0/kiwi-templates-Minimal/Minimal.kiwi
-            # https://build.opensuse.org/projects/Virtualization:Appliances:Images:openSUSE-Leap-15.6/packages/kiwi-templates-Minimal/files/Minimal.kiwi
             # https://build.opensuse.org/projects/Virtualization:Appliances:Images:openSUSE-Tumbleweed/packages/kiwi-templates-Minimal/files/Minimal.kiwi
             # 有专门的kvm镜像，openSUSE-Leap-15.5-Minimal-VM.x86_64-kvm-and-xen.qcow2，里面没有cloud-init
             # file=openSUSE-Leap-15.5-Minimal-VM.x86_64-kvm-and-xen.qcow2
@@ -1910,12 +1908,12 @@ verify_os_name() {
         'rocky       8|9|10' \
         'oracle      8|9|10' \
         'fnos        1' \
-        'fedora      42|43' \
+        'fedora      43|44' \
         'nixos       25.11' \
         'debian      9|10|11|12|13' \
-        'opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed' \
+        'opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed' \
         'alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23' \
-        'openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.09' \
+        'openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03' \
         'ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04' \
         'redhat' \
         'kali' \
@@ -2342,6 +2340,59 @@ trim() {
     sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*//' -e 's/[[:space:]]*$//'
 }
 
+assert_username_valid() {
+    if ! msg=$(is_username_valid); then
+        error_and_exit "$msg"
+    fi
+}
+
+is_username_valid() {
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/customize/desktop/unattend/microsoft-windows-shell-setup-useraccounts-localaccounts-localaccount-name
+    # 不能为 none [ ] / \ : | < > + = ; , ? * % @
+
+    # 账号为空，则使用 Administrator
+    if [ -z "$username" ]; then
+        echo "Username: Will use the built-in Administrator account in ISO language."
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    if [ "$(to_lower <<<"$username")" = none ]; then
+        echo "Username: Do not use the name \"NONE\", this is a restricted username."
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    if grep -q '[][/\:|<>+=;,?*%@]' <<<"$username"; then
+        echo "Username: Do not use any of the following characters: / \ [ ] : | < > + = ; , ? * % @"
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    # 如果输入以下用户名则忽略，并使用系统内置的 Administrator 账号
+    # 防止系统有两个不同语言的 Administrator 账号而造成困扰
+    for builtin_username in \
+        administrator \
+        administrador \
+        administrateur \
+        administratör \
+        администратор \
+        järjestelmänvalvoja \
+        rendszergazda; do
+        if [ "$(to_lower <<<"$username")" = "$builtin_username" ]; then
+            echo "Username: Will use the built-in Administrator account in ISO language."
+            unset username
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+}
+
+prompt_username() {
+    info "prompt username"
+    warn false "Leave blank to use Administrator"
+    warn false "不填写则使用 Administrator"
+    IFS= read -r -p "Username: " username
+    username="$(printf "%s" "$username" | trim)"
+    assert_username_valid
+}
+
 prompt_password() {
     info "prompt password"
     warn false "Leave blank to use a random password."
@@ -2881,18 +2932,20 @@ add_efi_entry_in_linux() {
         dev_part=$(findmnt -T "$dist_dir" -no SOURCE | grep '^/dev/')
     fi
 
-    if ! {
+    set -- efibootmgr --create-only \
-        res=$(efibootmgr --create-only \
+        --disk "/dev/$(get_disk_by_part $dev_part)" \
-            --disk "/dev/$(get_disk_by_part $dev_part)" \
+        --part "$(get_part_num_by_part $dev_part)" \
-            --part "$(get_part_num_by_part $dev_part)" \
+        --label "$(get_entry_name)" \
-            --label "$(get_entry_name)" \
+        --loader "\\EFI\\reinstall\\$basename"
-            --loader "\\EFI\\reinstall\\$basename") &&
+
-            id=$(echo "$res" | grep_efi_entry | tail -1 | grep_efi_index | grep .) &&
+    if ! res=$("$@"); then
-            efibootmgr --bootnext "$id"
+        echo "Command: $*"
-    }; then
         echo "$res"
         error_and_exit "Could not add efi entry."
     fi
+
+    id=$(echo "$res" | grep_efi_entry | tail -1 | grep_efi_index | grep .)
+    efibootmgr --bootnext "$id"
 }
 
 get_grub_efi_filename() {
@@ -3116,7 +3169,7 @@ build_extra_cmdline() {
     # https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/rootskel/-/blob/master/src/lib/debian-installer-startup.d/S02module-params?ref_type=heads
     for key in confhome hold force_boot_mode force_cn force_old_windows_setup cloud_image main_disk \
         elts deb_mirror \
-        ssh_port rdp_port web_port allow_ping; do
+        username ssh_port rdp_port web_port allow_ping; do
         value=${!key}
         if [ -n "$value" ]; then
             is_need_quote "$value" &&
@@ -4141,7 +4194,7 @@ recreate_grub_or_extlinux_cfg() {
             /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
             # 手动启用 41_custom
             nixos_grub_home="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$(get_cmd_path grub-mkconfig)")")/.."
-            $nixos_grub_home/etc/grub.d/41_custom >>$target_cfg
+            $nixos_grub_home/etc/grub.d/41_custom >>"$(dirname "$target_cfg")/grub.cfg"
         elif is_have_cmd update-grub; then
             update-grub
         else
@@ -4310,6 +4363,7 @@ for o in ci installer debug minimal allow-ping force-cn help \
     img: \
     cloud-data: \
     lang: \
+    user: username: \
     passwd: password: \
     ssh-port: \
     ssh-key: public-key: \
@@ -4444,6 +4498,14 @@ while true; do
         force_boot_mode=$2
         shift 2
         ;;
+    --user | --username)
+        if ! [ "$distro" = windows ]; then
+            error_and_exit "$1 is only supported for installing Windows."
+        fi
+        username="$(printf "%s" "$2" | trim)"
+        assert_username_valid
+        shift 2
+        ;;
     --passwd | --password)
         [ -n "$2" ] || error_and_exit "Need value for $1"
         password=$2
@@ -4619,6 +4681,11 @@ done
 # 检查必须的参数
 verify_os_args
 
+# 用户名
+if [ "$distro" = windows ] && [ -z "$username" ]; then
+    prompt_username
+fi
+
 # 密码
 if ! is_netboot_xyz && [ -z "$ssh_keys" ] && [ -z "$password" ]; then
     if is_use_dd; then
@@ -4898,7 +4965,7 @@ info 'info'
 echo "$distro $releasever"
 
 case "$distro" in
-windows) username=administrator ;;
+windows) username=${username:-administrator} ;;
 netboot.xyz) username= ;;
 dd | *) username=root ;;
 esac

trans.sh

@@ -174,8 +174,9 @@ is_magnet_link() {
 }
 
 download() {
-    url=$1
+    local url=$1
-    path=$2
+    local path=$2
+    local can_use_cn_mirror=${3:-false}
 
     # 有ipv4地址无ipv4网关的情况下，aria2可能会用ipv4下载，而不是ipv6
     # axel 在 lightsail 上会占用大量cpu
@@ -214,12 +215,19 @@ download() {
 
     # -o 设置 http 下载文件名
     # -O 设置 bt 首个文件的文件名
-    aria2c "$url" \
+    set -- \
         -d "$(dirname "$path")" \
         -o "$(basename "$path")" \
         -O "1=$(basename "$path")" \
         -U curl/7.54.1
 
+    if ! aria2c "$url" "$@" &&
+        ! { $can_use_cn_mirror && is_in_china && is_any_ipv4_has_internet &&
+            url_cn=https://files.m.daocloud.io/$(echo "$url" | sed -Ei 's,^https?://,,') &&
+            aria2c "$url_cn" "$@"; }; then
+        error_and_exit "Failed to download $url"
+    fi
+
     # opensuse 官方镜像支持 metalink
     # aira2 无法重命名用 metalink 下载的文件
     # 需用以下方法重命名
@@ -576,6 +584,10 @@ get_password_windows_administrator_base64() {
     get_config password-windows-administrator-base64
 }
 
+get_password_windows_user_base64() {
+    get_config password-windows-user-base64
+}
+
 get_password_plaintext() {
     get_config password-plaintext
 }
@@ -1670,6 +1682,21 @@ install_nixos() {
     export USER=root
     export HOME=/root
 
+    configure_nix_substituters() {
+        if ! is_in_china; then
+            return
+        fi
+
+        nix_conf=/etc/nix/nix.conf
+        mkdir -p "$(dirname "$nix_conf")"
+
+        if [ -f "$nix_conf" ]; then
+            sed -i '/^[[:space:]]*substituters[[:space:]]*=/d' "$nix_conf"
+        fi
+
+        echo "substituters = $mirror/store" >>"$nix_conf"
+    }
+
     case "$nix_from" in
     alpine)
         apk add nix
@@ -1678,9 +1705,7 @@ install_nixos() {
         # https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/blob/master/community/nix/APKBUILD#L125
         sed -i '/max-jobs/d' /etc/nix/nix.conf
         echo "max-jobs = $threads" >>/etc/nix/nix.conf
-        if is_in_china; then
+        configure_nix_substituters
-            echo "substituters = $mirror/store" >>/etc/nix/nix.conf
-        fi
         rc-service -q nix-daemon restart
         # 添加 nix-env 安装的软件到 PATH
         PATH="/root/.nix-profile/bin:$PATH"
@@ -1731,6 +1756,7 @@ install_nixos() {
         apk del xz
         # shellcheck source=/dev/null
         . /root/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
+        configure_nix_substituters
         ;;
     esac
 
@@ -1771,6 +1797,7 @@ install_nixos() {
 
     if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
         nix_ssh_keys_or_PermitRootLogin="
+services.openssh.settings.PasswordAuthentication = false;
 users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
 $(del_comment_lines </configs/ssh_keys | del_empty_lines | quote_line | add_space 2)
 ];
@@ -2017,10 +2044,10 @@ basic_init() {
     # 公钥/密码
     if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
         set_ssh_keys_and_del_password $os_dir
+        change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login $os_dir
     else
         change_root_password $os_dir
-        allow_root_password_login $os_dir
+        change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login $os_dir
-        allow_password_login $os_dir
     fi
 
     # 下载 fix-eth-name.service
@@ -2236,10 +2263,8 @@ EOF
         rm -rf $os_dir/var/db/repos/gentoo
         chroot $os_dir emerge --sync
 
-        if [ "$(uname -m)" = x86_64 ]; then
+        # https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Tools#Filesystem_tools
-            # https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/sys-block/io-scheduler-udev-rules
+        chroot $os_dir emerge sys-block/io-scheduler-udev-rules
-            chroot $os_dir emerge sys-block/io-scheduler-udev-rules
-        fi
 
         if is_efi; then
             chroot $os_dir emerge sys-fs/dosfstools
@@ -2251,10 +2276,18 @@ EOF
         fi
 
         # 安装 grub + 内核
-        # TODO: 先判断是否有 binpkg，有的话不修改 GRUB_PLATFORMS
         is_efi && grub_platforms="efi-64" || grub_platforms="pc"
         echo GRUB_PLATFORMS=\"$grub_platforms\" >>$os_dir/etc/portage/make.conf
         echo "sys-kernel/installkernel dracut grub" >$os_dir/etc/portage/package.use/installkernel
+
+        # 要设置 root=UUID=xxxx，否则 dracut 会报错
+        # 要注意 root=UUID=xxxx 头尾有空格
+        # https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Installkernel#Install_chroot_check
+        # https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Kernel#Chroot_detection
+        uuid=$(chroot $os_dir findmnt -rno UUID /)
+        mkdir -p $os_dir/etc/dracut.conf.d
+        echo "kernel_cmdline=\" root=UUID=$uuid \"" >$os_dir/etc/dracut.conf.d/00-installkernel.conf
+
         chroot $os_dir emerge sys-kernel/gentoo-kernel-bin
     }
 
@@ -3481,8 +3514,9 @@ modify_linux() {
     find_and_mount() {
         mount_point=$1
         mount_dev=$(awk "\$2==\"$mount_point\" {print \$1}" $os_dir/etc/fstab)
+        mount_opts=$(awk "\$2==\"$mount_point\" {print \$4}" $os_dir/etc/fstab)
         if [ -n "$mount_dev" ]; then
-            mount $mount_dev $os_dir$mount_point
+            mount -o "$mount_opts" "$mount_dev" "$os_dir$mount_point"
         fi
     }
 
@@ -3510,9 +3544,13 @@ EOF
         # 防止删除 cloud-init / 安装 firmware 时不够内存
         create_swap_if_ram_less_than 2048 $os_dir/swapfile
 
-        find_and_mount /boot
-        find_and_mount /boot/efi
         mount_pseudo_fs $os_dir
+
+        # find_and_mount /boot
+        # find_and_mount /boot/efi
+        # fedora 的 fstab 还有 /home /var，因此用 mount -a
+        chroot $os_dir mount -a
+
         cp_resolv_conf $os_dir
 
         # 可以直接用 alpine 的 cloud-init 生成 Network Manager 配置
@@ -3729,61 +3767,11 @@ EOF
         # 禁用 selinux
         disable_selinux $os_dir
 
-        # opensuse leap 15.6 用 wicked
         # opensuse leap 16.0 / tumbleweed 用 NetworkManager
-        if chroot $os_dir rpm -qi wicked; then
+        # 可以直接用 alpine 的 cloud-init 生成 Network Manager 配置
-            # sysconfig ifcfg
+        create_cloud_init_network_config /net.cfg
-            create_cloud_init_network_config $os_dir/net.cfg
+        create_network_manager_config /net.cfg "$os_dir"
-            chroot $os_dir cloud-init devel net-convert \
+        rm /net.cfg
-                -p /net.cfg -k yaml -d out -D opensuse -O sysconfig
-
-            # 删除
-            # Created by cloud-init on instance boot automatically, do not edit.
-            #
-            sed -i '/^#/d' "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth"*
-
-            for ethx in $(get_eths); do
-                # 1. 修复甲骨文云重启后 ipv6 丢失
-                # https://github.com/openSUSE/wicked/issues/1058
-                # 还要注意 wicked dhcpv6 获取到的 ipv6 是 /64，其他 DHCPv6 程序获取到的是 /128
-                echo DHCLIENT6_USE_LAST_LEASE=no >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-$ethx
-
-                # 2. 修复 onlink 网关
-                for prefix in '' 'default '; do
-                    if is_staticv4; then
-                        get_netconf_to ipv4_gateway
-                        echo "${prefix}${ipv4_gateway} - -" >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-$ethx
-                    fi
-                    if is_staticv6; then
-                        get_netconf_to ipv6_gateway
-                        echo "${prefix}${ipv6_gateway} - -" >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-$ethx
-                    fi
-                done
-            done
-
-            # 复制配置
-            for file in \
-                "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth"* \
-                "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-eth"*; do
-                # 动态 ip 没有 ifroute-eth*
-                if [ -f $file ]; then
-                    cp $file $os_dir/etc/sysconfig/network/
-                fi
-            done
-
-            # 清理
-            rm -rf $os_dir/net.cfg $os_dir/out
-
-        else
-            # 如果使用 cloud-init 则需要 touch NetworkManager.conf
-            # 更新到 cloud-init 24.1 后删除
-            # touch $os_dir/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
-
-            # 可以直接用 alpine 的 cloud-init 生成 Network Manager 配置
-            create_cloud_init_network_config /net.cfg
-            create_network_manager_config /net.cfg "$os_dir"
-            rm /net.cfg
-        fi
 
         # 选择新内核
         # 只有 leap 有 kernel-azure
@@ -3863,6 +3851,7 @@ EOF
         is_password_plaintext && sed -i 's/enforce=none/enforce=everyone/' $os_dir/etc/security/passwdqc.conf
 
         # 下载仓库，选择 profile
+        # https://github.com/gentoo/gentoo/blob/master/profiles/profiles.desc
         chroot $os_dir emerge-webrsync
         profile=$(chroot $os_dir eselect profile list | grep stable | grep systemd |
             awk '{print length($2), $2}' | sort -n | head -1 | awk '{print $2}')
@@ -4058,30 +4047,50 @@ set_ssh_keys_and_del_password() {
     chroot $os_dir passwd -d root
 }
 
-# 除了 alpine 都会用到
+change_ssh_conf_if_different() {
-change_ssh_conf() {
+    local os_dir=$1
-    os_dir=$1
+    local key=$2
-    key=$2
+    local value=$3
-    value=$3
+    local sub_conf=$4
-    sub_conf=$4
+    if [ -z "$sub_conf" ]; then
+        sub_conf=$(echo "01-$key.conf" | to_lower)
+    fi
 
-    if line="^$key .*" && grep -Exq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config 2>/dev/null; then
+    # 有些发行版自带了某些配置，例如
-        # 如果 sshd_config 存在此 key（非注释状态），则替换
+    # ubuntu:
+    # cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/60-cloudimg-settings.conf | grep -i PasswordAuthentication
+    # PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # gentoo:
+    # cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/9999999gentoo-pam.conf | grep -i PasswordAuthentication
+    # PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # 0. 如果已经有这个配置，则不修改，避免不必要的改动
+    if chroot "$os_dir" sshd -G | grep -Fxiq "$key $value"; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    if line="^$key .*" && grep -Exiq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config 2>/dev/null; then
+        # 1. 如果 sshd_config 存在此 key（非注释状态），则替换
         sed -Ei "s/$line/$key $value/" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
-    elif include_line='^Include.*/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d' &&
+    elif include_line='^Include .*/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d' &&
+        # 2. 如果 sshd_config 设置了读取 sshd_config.d
+        #    则写入到 sshd_config.d/01-xxx.conf
+
         # arch 没有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ 文件夹
         # opensuse tumbleweed 没有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
         #                       有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ 文件夹
         #                       有 /usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config
-        { grep -q "$include_line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config ||
+        { grep -iq "$include_line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config ||
-            grep -q "$include_line" $os_dir/usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config; } 2>/dev/null; then
+            grep -iq "$include_line" $os_dir/usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config; } 2>/dev/null; then
         mkdir -p $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/
         echo "$key $value" >"$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/$sub_conf"
     else
-        # 如果 sshd_config 存在此 key (无论是否已注释)，则替换，包括删除注释
+        # 3. 写入 sshd_config
-        # 否则追加
+        #    如果 sshd_config 存在此 key (无论是否已注释)，则替换，包括删除注释
+        #    否则追加
         line="^[# ]*$key .*"
-        if grep -Exq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config; then
+        if grep -Exiq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config; then
             sed -Ei "s/$line/$key $value/" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
         else
             echo "$key $value" >>$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
@@ -4089,32 +4098,40 @@ change_ssh_conf() {
     fi
 }
 
-allow_password_login() {
+change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
-    change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication yes 01-PasswordAuthentication.conf
+
+    # 目前脚本只用 root ，不需要设置这个
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # 这个也不需要设置，默认就是 prohibit-password
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
 }
 
-allow_root_password_login() {
+change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
 
     # opensuse 16/tumbleweed 安装 openssh-server-config-rootlogin
     # 会生成 /usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/50-permit-root-login.conf
     # 但是如果用户删除了此文件，包有更新的话，可能会重新创建这个文件？
     # 因此先不用这个方法
-    if false && [ -f $os_dir/etc/os-release ] &&
+    if false &&
-        grep -iq opensuse $os_dir/etc/os-release &&
+        [ -f $os_dir/etc/os-release ] &&
-        ! grep -iq 15.6 $os_dir/etc/os-release; then
+        grep -iq opensuse $os_dir/etc/os-release; then
         chroot $os_dir zypper install -y openssh-server-config-rootlogin
-    else
-        change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin yes 01-permitrootlogin.conf
     fi
+
+    # PasswordAuthentication 默认是 yes
+    # 但某些发行版会在 sshd_config.d 里设置 PasswordAuthentication no
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication yes
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin yes
 }
 
 change_ssh_port() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
-    ssh_port=$2
+    local ssh_port=$2
 
-    change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" Port "$ssh_port" 01-change-ssh-port.conf
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" Port "$ssh_port"
 }
 
 change_root_password() {
@@ -4571,7 +4588,11 @@ install_fnos() {
 
     # ssh root 登录，测试用
     if false; then
-        allow_root_password_login $os_dir
+        if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
+            change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login $os_dir
+        else
+            change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login $os_dir
+        fi
         chroot $os_dir systemctl enable ssh
     fi
 
@@ -5011,11 +5032,15 @@ EOF
         fi
 
         # 自带的 60-cloudimg-settings.conf 禁止了 PasswordAuthentication
-        file=$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/60-cloudimg-settings.conf
+        # 可删除可不删除，因为现在会先读取有效 sshd 配置再修改 sshd 配置
-        if [ -f $file ]; then
+        # 如果要删除 60-cloudimg-settings.conf 则要在 change_ssh_conf_if_different 之前删除
-            sed -i '/^PasswordAuthentication/d' $file
+        if false; then
-            if [ -z "$(cat $file)" ]; then
+            file=$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/60-cloudimg-settings.conf
-                rm -f $file
+            if [ -f $file ]; then
+                sed -i '/^PasswordAuthentication/d' $file
+                if [ -z "$(cat $file)" ]; then
+                    rm -f $file
+                fi
             fi
         fi
 
@@ -5656,49 +5681,58 @@ get_aws_repo() {
     fi
 }
 
-get_client_name_by_build_ver() {
-    build_ver=$1
-
-    if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ]; then
-        echo 11
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 10240 ]; then
-        echo 10
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9600 ]; then
-        echo 8.1
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9200 ]; then
-        echo 8
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 7600 ]; then
-        echo 7
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 6000 ]; then
-        echo vista
-    else
-        error_and_exit "Unknown Build Version: $build_ver"
-    fi
-}
-
 # 将 AC/SAC 版本号 转换为 LTSC 版本号
 # 用于查找驱动
-get_server_name_by_build_ver() {
+get_windows_name_by_version() {
-    build_ver=$1
+    local nt_ver=$1
+    local build_ver=$2
+    local windows_type=$3
 
-    if [ "$build_ver" -ge 26100 ]; then
+    local windows_name
-        echo 2025
+    windows_name=$(
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 20348 ]; then
+        case "$windows_type" in
-        echo 2022
+        client)
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 17763 ]; then
+            case "$nt_ver" in
-        echo 2019
+            10.0)
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 14393 ]; then
+                if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ]; then
-        echo 2016
+                    echo 11
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9600 ]; then
+                else
-        echo 2012 r2
+                    echo 10
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9200 ]; then
+                fi
-        echo 2012
+                ;;
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 7600 ]; then
+            6.3) echo 8.1 ;;
-        echo 2008 r2
+            6.2) echo 8 ;;
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 6001 ]; then
+            6.1) echo 7 ;;
-        echo 2008
+            6.0) echo vista ;;
+            esac
+            ;;
+
+        server)
+            case "$nt_ver" in
+            10.0)
+                if [ "$build_ver" -ge 26100 ]; then
+                    echo 2025
+                elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 20348 ]; then
+                    echo 2022
+                elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 17763 ]; then
+                    echo 2019
+                else
+                    echo 2016
+                fi
+                ;;
+            6.3) echo '2012 r2' ;;
+            6.2) echo '2012' ;;
+            6.1) echo '2008 r2' ;;
+            6.0) echo '2008' ;;
+            esac
+            ;;
+        esac
+    )
+
+    if [ -n "$windows_name" ]; then
+        echo "$windows_name"
     else
-        error_and_exit "Unknown Build Version: $build_ver"
+        error_and_exit "Unknown Windows Version: $nt_ver $build_ver $windows_type"
     fi
 }
 
@@ -5786,24 +5820,25 @@ get_windows_type_from_windows_drive() {
     local os_dir=$1
 
     apk add hivex
-    software_hive=$(find_file_ignore_case $os_dir/Windows/System32/config/SOFTWARE)
     system_hive=$(find_file_ignore_case $os_dir/Windows/System32/config/SYSTEM)
-    installation_type=$(hivexget $software_hive '\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion' InstallationType 2>/dev/null || true)
+    product_type=$(hivexget $system_hive '\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions' ProductType)
-    product_type=$(hivexget $system_hive '\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions' ProductType 2>/dev/null || true)
     apk del hivex
 
-    # 根据 win11 multi-session 的情况
+    # ProductType InstallationType 都是用来区分客户端和服务器系统
-    # InstallationType 比 ProductType 准确
+    # 就驱动而言，用的是 ProductType
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/drivers/install/inf-manufacturer-section
+    # NTamd64.10.0       # 不限制 ProductType
+    # NTamd64.10.0.1     # 只接受 ProductType 为 1 的系统
 
-    # Vista wim 和注册表都没有 InstallationType
+    # 实测也是用 ProductType
-    case "$installation_type" in
+    # 在 win11 右键 e1d.inf 安装驱动后，在任务管理器强制为任意网卡选择驱动，列表里面：
-    Client | Embedded) echo client ;;
+    # win11 enterprise    有   i218-V/i-219V，有 i218-LM/i219-LM
-    Server | 'Server Core') echo server ;;
+    # win11 multi-session 没有 i218-V/i-219V，有 i218-LM/i219-LM
-    *) case "$product_type" in
+
-        WinNT) echo client ;;
+    case "$product_type" in
-        ServerNT) echo server ;;
+    WinNT) echo client ;;
-        *) error_and_exit "Unknown Windows Type" ;;
+    LanmanNT | ServerNT) echo server ;;
-        esac ;;
+    *) error_and_exit "Unexpected Product Type: $product_type" ;;
     esac
 }
 
@@ -5833,6 +5868,21 @@ get_intel_download_url() {
         grep -Eio -m1 "https://.+/$file_regex" | grep .
 }
 
+apk_add_hivex_perl() {
+    # TODO: alpine 3.24 发布后删除
+    # hivex-perl 要从 edge/community 仓库下载
+    local alpine_mirror
+    alpine_mirror=$(grep '^http.*/main$' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's,/[^/]*/main$,,' | head -1)
+    apk add --repository "$alpine_mirror/edge/community" \
+        --force-non-repository \
+        --virtual edge \
+        hivex-perl
+}
+
+apk_del_hivex_perl() {
+    apk del edge
+}
+
 install_windows() {
     get_wim_prop() {
         wim=$1
@@ -5918,14 +5968,14 @@ install_windows() {
     if [ "$image_count" = 1 ]; then
         # 只有一个版本就用那个版本
         image_name=$all_image_names
-        image_index=1
+        iso_image_index=1
     else
         while true; do
             # 匹配成功
             # 改成正确的大小写
             if matched_image_name=$(printf '%s\n' "$all_image_names" | grep -Fix "$image_name"); then
                 image_name=$matched_image_name
-                image_index=$(wiminfo "$iso_install_wim" "$image_name" | grep 'Index:' | awk '{print $NF}')
+                iso_image_index=$(wiminfo "$iso_install_wim" "$image_name" | grep 'Index:' | awk '{print $NF}')
                 break
             fi
 
@@ -5946,54 +5996,35 @@ install_windows() {
     fi
 
     get_selected_image_prop() {
-        get_image_prop "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$1"
+        get_image_prop "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$1"
     }
 
-    # 多会话的信息来自注册表，因为没有官方 iso
+    # Windows Server 作为域服务器时，ProductType 会变成 LanmanNT ?
-
-    # Installation Type:
-    # https://github.com/search?q=InstallationType+Client+Embedded+Server+Core&type=code
-    # - Client      (普通 windows)
-    # - Server      (windows server 带桌面体验)
-    # - Server Core (windows server 不带桌面体验)
-    # - Embedded    (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - Client      (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
-
-    # Product Type:
     # https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2465206
-    # https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-desktop/windows-multisession-faq#why-does-my-application-report-windows-enterprise-multi-session-as-a-server-operating-system
+    # https://github.com/search?q=InstallationType+Client+Embedded+Server+Core&type=code
-    # - WinNT    (普通 windows)
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-desktop/windows-multisession-faq#why-does-my-application-report-windows-enterprise-multi-session-as-a-server-operating-system
-    # - ServerNT (windows server 带桌面体验)
-    # - ServerNT (windows server 不带桌面体验)
-    # - WinNT    (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - ServerNT (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
 
-    # Product Suite:
+    # 信息是从注册表获取，因为某些 install.wim 可能缺少属性
-    # https://www.geoffchappell.com/studies/windows/km/ntoskrnl/api/ex/exinit/productsuite.htm
+    # Azure 上能使用 Windows 10/11 Enterprise 多会话
-    # - Terminal Server (普通 windows)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\InstallationType
-    # - Enterprise      (windows server 2025 带桌面体验)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions\ProductType
-    # - Enterprise      (windows server 2025 不带桌面体验)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions\ProductSuite
-    # - Terminal Server (windows server 2012 R2 评估板 带桌面体验，注册表也是这个值)
-    # - Terminal Server (windows server 2022 R2 评估板 不带桌面体验，注册表也是这个值)
-    # - Terminal Server (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - ?               (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
 
-    # 用内核版本号筛选驱动
+    # 系统                                InstallationType    ProductType    ProductSuite
-    # 使得可以安装 Hyper-V Server / Azure Stack HCI 等 Windows Server 变种
+    # Windows Client (普通 Windows)          Client             WinNT        Terminal Server
-    # 7601.24214.180801-1700.win7sp1_ldr_escrow_CLIENT_ULTIMATE_x64FRE_en-us.iso wim 没有 Installation Type
+    # Windows 10/11 Enterprise 多会话        Client             ServerNT     Terminal Server
-    # Vista wim 和 注册表 都没有 InstallationType
+    # Windows Server 2012 R2 桌面体验        Server             ServerNT     Terminal Server 和 DataCenter (两行)
-    if false; then
+    # Windows Server 2012 R2 不带桌面体验    Server Core        ServerNT     Terminal Server 和 DataCenter (两行)
-        nt_ver=$(get_selected_image_prop "Major Version").$(get_selected_image_prop "Minor Version")
+    # Windows Server 2025 桌面体验           Server             ServerNT     Enterprise
-        build_ver=$(get_selected_image_prop "Build")
+    # Windows Server 2025 不带桌面体验       Server Core        ServerNT     Enterprise
-        installation_type=$(get_selected_image_prop "Installation Type")
+    # WES7 / Thin PC                         Embedded           WinNT        Terminal Server
-    fi
 
     mount_iso_install_wim_to() {
         local dir=$1
 
         mkdir -p "$dir"
         # shellcheck disable=SC2046
-        wimmount "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$dir" \
+        wimmount "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$dir" \
             $($is_swm && echo "--ref=$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref")
     }
 
@@ -6008,13 +6039,9 @@ install_windows() {
     get_windows_version_from_windows_drive /wim
 
     # 检测 client/server，并转换成标准版 windows 名称
+    # 用于将 Hyper-V Server / Azure Stack HCI / Windows Server AC 的版本号转换成对应的 LTSC 版本号，用于查找驱动
     windows_type=$(get_windows_type_from_windows_drive /wim)
-    product_ver=$(
+    product_ver=$(get_windows_name_by_version "$nt_ver" "$build_ver" "$windows_type")
-        case "$windows_type" in
-        client) get_client_name_by_build_ver "$build_ver" ;;
-        server) get_server_name_by_build_ver "$build_ver" ;;
-        esac
-    )
 
     # 检测 sac 和 nvme
     {
@@ -6173,21 +6200,24 @@ install_windows() {
         )
     fi
 
+    # $iso_image_index 是原 iso 里面的镜像 wim 编号
+    # $image_index 是复制到 installer 后的镜像 wim 编号
+
     # 如果是 swm，要先合并成 wim 才能编辑
     if $is_swm; then
         install_wim=$(echo "$install_wim" | sed 's/\.swm$/.wim/i')
         # 防止不格盘二次运行时报错：文件已存在
         rm -f "$install_wim"
-        wimexport --ref="$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref" "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$install_wim"
+        wimexport --ref="$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref" "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$install_wim"
-        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 变为 1
+        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 为 1
         image_index=1
     elif false; then
         # 优化 install.wim
         # 优点: 可以节省 200M~600M 空间，用来创建虚拟内存
         #       （意义不大，因为已经删除了 boot.wim 用来创建虚拟内存，vista 除外）
         # 缺点: 如果 install.wim 只有一个镜像，则只能缩小 10M+
-        time wimexport --threads "$(get_build_threads 512)" "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$install_wim"
+        time wimexport --threads "$(get_build_threads 512)" "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$install_wim"
-        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 变为 1
+        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 为 1
         image_index=1
         info "install.wim size"
         echo "Original:  $(get_filesize_mb "$iso_install_wim")"
@@ -6195,14 +6225,25 @@ install_windows() {
         echo
     else
         cp "$iso_install_wim" "$install_wim"
+        image_index="$iso_image_index"
     fi
 
     # win11 要求 1GHz 2核（1核超线程也行）
-    # 用注册表无法绕过
+    # 判断条件是 install.wim 元信息里的 Installation Type，而不是 install.wim 注册表里面的
+    # 7601.24214.180801-1700.win7sp1_ldr_escrow_CLIENT_ULTIMATE_x64FRE_en-us.iso wim 没有 Installation Type
+    # Vista wim 和 注册表 都没有 InstallationType
+    installation_type_from_install_wim_metadata=$(get_selected_image_prop "Installation Type" 2>/dev/null || true)
+
+    # 安装时无法用注册表绕过
     # https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/issues/1990
     # https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/Hardware/System_Requirements
     # win11 旧版本安装程序（24h2之前）无法用 setup.exe /product server 跳过 cpu 核数限制，因此在xml里解除限制
-    if [ "$product_ver" = "11" ] && [ "$(nproc)" -le 1 ]; then
+
+    # windows 11 multi-session 用注册表的信息识别成 server 2022 用于匹配驱动，"$product_ver" 是 2022 而不是 11
+    # 因此这里判断的条件不是 [ "$product_ver" = "11" ]
+    if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ] &&
+        [ "$(echo "$installation_type_from_install_wim_metadata" | to_lower)" = "client" ] &&
+        [ "$(nproc)" -le 1 ]; then
         wiminfo "$install_wim" "$image_index" --image-property WINDOWS/INSTALLATIONTYPE=Server
     fi
 
@@ -6406,7 +6447,7 @@ install_windows() {
         )
 
         # 注意 intel 禁止了 aria2 下载
-        download "$url" $drv/intel.zip
+        download "$url" $drv/intel.zip true
 
         # inf 可能是 UTF-16 LE？因此用 rg 搜索
         # 用 busybox unzip 解压 win10 驱动时，路径和文件名会粘在一起
@@ -6719,14 +6760,29 @@ EOF
         # %RHELScsi.DeviceDesc% = rhelscsi_inst, PCI\VEN_1AF4&DEV_1004&SUBSYS_00081AF4&REV_00
         # %RHELScsi.DeviceDesc% = rhelscsi_inst, PCI\VEN_1AF4&DEV_1048&SUBSYS_11001AF4&REV_01
 
+        local baseurl=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads
+
         case "$nt_ver" in
         6.0 | 6.1) $support_sha256 &&
             dir=archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.187-1 ||
             dir=archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.173-9 ;;        # vista|w7|2k8|2k8R2
         6.2 | 6.3) dir=archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.215-2 ;; # w8|w8.1|2k12|2k12R2
-        *) dir=stable-virtio ;;
+        *)
+            # 先获取最新版本号，再下载
+            # 用 stable-virtio 的话国内镜像下载的可能是缓存的旧版
+            dir=$(wget --spider -S "$baseurl/stable-virtio" 2>&1 >/dev/null |
+                grep -E '^  Location: ' | grep -Ewo -m1 'archive-virtio/virtio-win-.+$')
+            # dir=stable-virtio
+            ;;
         esac
 
+        # 如果 dir 包含数字，则是从具体版本号文件夹下载，文件不会更新，可以使用国内镜像
+        if [[ "$dir" =~ [0-9] ]]; then
+            local can_use_cn_mirror=true
+        else
+            local can_use_cn_mirror=false
+        fi
+
         # vista|w7|2k8|2k8R2|arm64 要从 iso 获取驱动
         if [ "$nt_ver" = 6.0 ] || [ "$nt_ver" = 6.1 ] || [ "$arch_wim" = arm64 ]; then
             virtio_source=iso
@@ -6734,10 +6790,8 @@ EOF
             virtio_source=msi
         fi
 
-        baseurl=https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads
-
         if [ "$virtio_source" = iso ]; then
-            download $baseurl/$dir/virtio-win.iso $drv/virtio.iso
+            download $baseurl/$dir/virtio-win.iso $drv/virtio.iso $can_use_cn_mirror
             mkdir -p $drv/virtio
             mount -o ro $drv/virtio.iso $drv/virtio
 
@@ -6750,13 +6804,13 @@ EOF
             fi
         else
             apk add 7zip file
-            download $baseurl/$dir/virtio-win-gt-$arch_xdd.msi $drv/virtio.msi
+            download $baseurl/$dir/virtio-win-gt-$arch_xdd.msi $drv/virtio.msi $can_use_cn_mirror
             match="FILE_*_${virtio_sys}_${arch}*"
             7z x $drv/virtio.msi -o$drv/virtio -i!$match -y -bb1
-
-            # 为没有后缀名的文件添加后缀名
             (
                 cd $drv/virtio
+
+                # 为没有后缀名的文件添加后缀名
                 echo "Recognizing file extension..."
                 for file in *"${virtio_sys}_${arch}"; do
                     recognized=false
@@ -6803,7 +6857,7 @@ EOF
         # https://mirrors.tencent.com/install/cts/windows/Drivers.zip
 
         apk add 7zip
-        download https://mirrors.tencent.com/install/windows/virtio_64_1.0.9.exe $drv/virtio.exe
+        download https://mirrors.tencent.com/install/windows/virtio_64_1.0.9.exe $drv/virtio.exe true
         exclude='$*' # 排除 $PLUGINSDIR
         override=u   # A(u)to rename all
         7z x $drv/virtio.exe -o$drv/qcloud/ -ao$override -x!$exclude
@@ -7015,13 +7069,7 @@ EOF
             to_system_hive="$(find_file_ignore_case /wim/Windows/System32/config/SYSTEM)"
             to_software_hive="$(find_file_ignore_case /wim/Windows/System32/config/SOFTWARE)"
 
-            # TODO: alpine 3.24 发布后删除
+            apk_add_hivex_perl
-            # hivex-perl 要从 edge/community 仓库下载
-            alpine_mirror=$(grep '^http.*/main$' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's,/[^/]*/main$,,' | head -1)
-            apk add --repository "$alpine_mirror/edge/community" \
-                --force-non-repository \
-                --virtual edge \
-                hivex-perl
 
             # 获取当前生效的 wvpci.inf 文件
             # 得到 wvpci.inf_amd64_86afbe8940682d27 这样的文件名
@@ -7036,7 +7084,7 @@ EOF
             # .cat
             apk add binutils
             for file in "$(get_path_in_correct_case '/wim-tmp/Windows/System32/CatRoot/{F750E6C3-38EE-11D1-85E5-00C04FC295EE}/')"*; do
-                if strings -e l "$file" | grep -iq vpci.sys; then
+                if strings -e l "$file" | grep -Fiq vpci.sys; then
                     cp -fv "$file" "$(get_path_in_correct_case '/wim/Windows/System32/CatRoot/{F750E6C3-38EE-11D1-85E5-00C04FC295EE}/')"
                 fi
             done
@@ -7073,7 +7121,7 @@ EOF
 EOF
             hivexregedit --merge "$to_system_hive" "$reg"
 
-            apk del edge
+            apk_del_hivex_perl
         else
             error_and_exit "vpci driver not found."
         fi
@@ -7113,7 +7161,7 @@ EOF
             url=$(get_intel_download_url "$id" "SetupRST\.exe")
 
             # 注意 intel 禁止了 aria2 下载
-            download $url $drv/SetupRST.exe
+            download $url $drv/SetupRST.exe true
             apk add 7zip
             7z x $drv/SetupRST.exe -o$drv/SetupRST -i!.text
             7z x $drv/SetupRST/.text -o$drv/vmd
@@ -7142,20 +7190,44 @@ EOF
     }
 
     # 修改应答文件
+    apk add xmlstarlet
     download $confhome/windows.xml /tmp/autounattend.xml
     locale=$(get_selected_image_prop 'Default Language')
     use_default_rdp_port=$(is_need_change_rdp_port && echo false || echo true)
-    password_base64=$(get_password_windows_administrator_base64)
+
     # 7601.24214.180801-1700.win7sp1_ldr_escrow_CLIENT_ULTIMATE_x64FRE_en-us.iso Image Name 为空
     # 将 xml Image Name 的值设为空可以正常安装
     sed -i \
         -e "s|%arch%|$arch|" \
         -e "s|%image_name%|$image_name|" \
         -e "s|%locale%|$locale|" \
-        -e "s|%administrator_password%|$password_base64|" \
         -e "s|%use_default_rdp_port%|$use_default_rdp_port|" \
         /tmp/autounattend.xml
 
+    # 账号密码
+    if [ -n "$username" ]; then
+        # 普通账号
+        password_base64=$(get_password_windows_user_base64)
+        xmlstarlet ed -L -N x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend" \
+            -d "//x:AdministratorPassword" \
+            /tmp/autounattend.xml
+        sed -i \
+            -e "s|%enable_administrator%|0|" \
+            -e "s|%user_username%|$username|" \
+            -e "s|%user_password%|$password_base64|" \
+            /tmp/autounattend.xml
+    else
+        # Administrator
+        password_base64=$(get_password_windows_administrator_base64)
+        xmlstarlet ed -L -N x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend" \
+            -d "//x:LocalAccounts" \
+            /tmp/autounattend.xml
+        sed -i \
+            -e "s|%enable_administrator%|1|" \
+            -e "s|%administrator_password%|$password_base64|" \
+            /tmp/autounattend.xml
+    fi
+
     # 修改应答文件，分区配置
     if is_efi; then
         sed -i "s|%installto_partitionid%|3|" /tmp/autounattend.xml
@@ -7242,12 +7314,12 @@ EOF
     wim_windows_xml=$(get_path_in_correct_case /wim/windows.xml)
     wim_setup_exe=$(get_path_in_correct_case /wim/setup.exe)
 
-    apk add xmlstarlet
     xmlstarlet ed -d '//comment()' /tmp/autounattend.xml >$wim_autounattend_xml
     unix2dos $wim_autounattend_xml
     info "autounattend.xml"
     # 查看最终文件，并屏蔽密码
     xmlstarlet ed -d '//*[name()="AdministratorPassword" or name()="Password"]' $wim_autounattend_xml | cat -n
+
     apk del xmlstarlet
 
     # 避免无参数运行 setup.exe 时自动安装
@@ -7747,7 +7819,7 @@ mount / -o remount,size=100%
 sync_time || true
 
 # 安装 ssh 并更改端口
-apk add openssh
+apk add openssh-server
 if is_need_change_ssh_port; then
     change_ssh_port / $ssh_port
 fi
@@ -7755,6 +7827,8 @@ fi
 # 设置密码，添加开机启动 + 开启 ssh 服务
 if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
     set_ssh_keys_and_del_password /
+    # 目前脚本只用 root，不需要设置这个
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different / PasswordAuthentication no
     printf '\n' | setup-sshd
 else
     change_root_password /

ttys.sh

@@ -7,16 +7,24 @@ prefix=$1
 # 注意 debian initrd 没有 xargs
 
 # 最后一个 tty 是主 tty，显示的信息最全
-is_first=true
 if [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ]; then
     ttys="ttyS0 ttyAMA0 tty0"
 else
     ttys="ttyS0 tty0"
 fi
 
+# 安装环境下 tty 不一定齐全
+# hytron 有ttyS0 但无法写入
+# 用于 cmdline 引导参数时不需要判断 tty 是否存在和可写
+if [ "$prefix" = "console=" ]; then
+    is_for_cmdline=true
+else
+    is_for_cmdline=false
+fi
+
+is_first=true
 for tty in $ttys; do
-    # hytron 有ttyS0 但无法写入
+    if $is_for_cmdline || stty -g -F "/dev/$tty" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    if stty -g -F "/dev/$tty" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
         if $is_first; then
             is_first=false
         else
@@ -25,7 +33,7 @@ for tty in $ttys; do
 
         printf "%s" "$prefix$tty"
 
-        if [ "$prefix" = "console=" ] &&
+        if $is_for_cmdline &&
             { [ "$tty" = ttyS0 ] || [ "$tty" = ttyAMA0 ]; }; then
             printf ",115200n8"
         fi

windows-setup.bat

@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ rem     set "ProductType=%%a"
 rem )
 
 rem 获取 installer 卷 id
-for /f "tokens=2" %%a in ('echo list vol ^| diskpart ^| find "installer"') do (
+for /f "tokens=2" %%a in ('echo list vol ^| diskpart ^| find " installer "') do (
     set "VolIndex=%%a"
 )
 
 rem 及时退出
 if "%VolIndex%"=="" (
-    echo "Error: Cannot find installer partition." >&2
+    echo Error: Cannot find installer partition. >&2
     exit /b 1
 )
 
@@ -80,16 +80,59 @@ rem wmic pagefile
 
 rem 获取主硬盘 id
 rem vista pe 没有 wmic，因此用 diskpart
-(echo select vol %VolIndex% & echo list disk) | diskpart | find "* Disk " > X:\disk.txt
+
-for /f "tokens=3" %%a in (X:\disk.txt) do (
+rem 法语版 win7 diskpart 始终输出法语，即使设置了 chcp 437，因此不能用这个方法
-    set "DiskIndex=%%a"
+rem (echo select vol %VolIndex% & echo list disk) | diskpart | find "* Disk " > X:\disk.txt
+rem for /f "tokens=3" %%a in (X:\disk.txt) do (
+rem     set "DiskIndex=%%a"
+rem )
+
+rem PE 下没有 findstr，因此不能从 wmic 的输出直接选出开头为 * 的行，要用复杂的方法取出磁盘编号
+
+rem 输出 diskpart 结果到文件
+(echo select vol %VolIndex% & echo list disk) | diskpart | find "* " > X:\disk.txt
+type X:\disk.txt
+
+rem 逐行读取文件
+setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
+for /f "delims=" %%a in (X:\disk.txt) do (
+    set "line=%%a"
+
+    rem 寻找 * 开头的行
+    call :is_x_starts_with_char_y "!line!" "*" && (
+        rem 注意在 for %%b in (!safe_line!) do 中 * 会展开成文件列表，因此要先删除 *
+        rem 下面用的方法是用 * 作为分割符，获取 * 后面的第一列
+
+        rem for /f 会自动忽略行首的分隔符
+        for /f "tokens=1 delims=*" %%i in ("!line!") do (
+            set "safe_line=%%i"
+        )
+
+        rem 遍历每一列，找到是数字的那一列，就是磁盘编号
+        for %%b in (!safe_line!) do (
+            call :is_number "%%b" && (
+                set "DiskIndex=%%b"
+                goto :found_main_disk
+            )
+        )
+
+        rem 普通 for 是把“一段话”里的“每个词”排成队，让一个变量（%%b）轮流去当这些词
+        rem for /f   是把“一段话”拆成“几个零件”存在不同的变量里（%%i, %%j...）
+    )
 )
+
+:not_found_main_disk
+echo Error: Cannot find main disk. >&2
+exit /b 1
+
+:found_main_disk
 del X:\disk.txt
+endlocal & set "DiskIndex=%DiskIndex%"
 
 rem 判断 efi 还是 bios
 rem 或者用 https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/boot-to-uefi-mode-or-legacy-bios-mode
 rem pe 下没有 mountvol
-echo list vol | diskpart | find "efi" && (
+echo list vol | diskpart | find " efi " && (
     set BootType=efi
 ) || (
     set BootType=bios
@@ -142,7 +185,8 @@ rem 重新分区/格式化
 
 )) > X:\diskpart.txt
 
-rem 使用 diskpart /s ，出错不会执行剩下的 diskpart 命令
+rem 使用 diskpart /s ，出错后不会执行剩下的 diskpart 命令
+rem 但是返回值始终是 0
 diskpart /s X:\diskpart.txt
 del X:\diskpart.txt
 
@@ -252,6 +296,27 @@ echo on
 %setup% %ResizeRecoveryPartition% %EMS% %Unattended%
 exit /b
 
+
+
+
+
+:is_number
+rem 尝试转换字符串为数字，如果转换失败则说明不是数字
+rem 如果转换失败，num 是 0
+rem 这不影响参数是 0 时的判断
+set /a "num=%~1" >nul 2>nul
+if "%num%"=="%~1" (
+    exit /b 0
+)
+exit /b 1
+
+:is_x_starts_with_char_y
+set "tempStr=%~1"
+if "%tempStr:~0,1%"=="%~2" (
+   exit /b 0
+)
+exit /b 1
+
 :sleep
 rem 没有加载网卡驱动，无法用 ping 来等待
 rem 没有 timeout 命令

windows.xml

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
                     <Order>4</Order>
                     <Path>powercfg /setactive SCHEME_MIN</Path>
                 </RunSynchronousCommand>
-                <!-- 启用 administrator 账户 -->
+                <!-- 按需启用 administrator 账户 -->
                 <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
                     <Order>5</Order>
                     <!-- vista 没有自带 powershell -->
@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@
                     <!-- win7 此时无法用 wmic useraccount -->
                     <!-- <Path>wmic useraccount where "sid like '%-500'" set Disabled=false</Path> -->
                     <!-- https://learn.microsoft.com/archive/technet-wiki/13813.localized-names-for-administrator-account-in-windows -->
-                    <Path>cmd /c "for %a in (Administrator Administrador Administrateur Administratör Администратор Järjestelmänvalvoja Rendszergazda) do (net user %a /active:yes &amp;&amp; exit)"</Path>
+                    <!-- %enable_administrator% 会被 trans.sh 替换成 1 或 0 -->
+                    <Path>cmd /c "if "%enable_administrator%"=="1" for %a in (Administrator Administrador Administrateur Administratör Администратор Järjestelmänvalvoja Rendszergazda) do (net user %a /active:yes &amp;&amp; exit)"</Path>
                 </RunSynchronousCommand>
                 <!-- 禁用保留空间 -->
                 <RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
@@ -152,6 +153,18 @@
                     <Value>%administrator_password%</Value>
                     <PlainText>false</PlainText>
                 </AdministratorPassword>
+                <LocalAccounts>
+                    <LocalAccount wcm:action="add">
+                        <Name>%user_username%</Name>
+                        <Password>
+                            <Value>%user_password%</Value>
+                            <PlainText>false</PlainText>
+                        </Password>
+                        <!-- 需要填英文的 Administrators，任何语言都是 -->
+                        <!-- https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/customize/desktop/unattend/microsoft-windows-shell-setup-useraccounts-localaccounts-localaccount-group -->
+                        <Group>Administrators</Group>
+                    </LocalAccount>
+                </LocalAccounts>
             </UserAccounts>
             <OOBE>
                 <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage>