windows: 更准确地识别镜像系统版本

README.en.md

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ The system requirements for the target system are as follows:
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 43, 44                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (Rolling) | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 16.0, Tumbleweed (Rolling)       | 512 MB \* | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Rolling                               | 512 MB    | 5 GB             |
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   nixos       25.11
                   fedora      43|44
                   debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                  opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
                   openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                   alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
                   ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch

README.md

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.centos.org/assets/icons/favicon.svg" /> CentOS Stream                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 9, 10                                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://fedoraproject.org/favicon.ico" /> Fedora                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | 43, 44                                | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.openeuler.org/favicon.ico" /> openEuler                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS                 | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
-| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 15.6, 16.0, Tumbleweed (滚动)    | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
+| <img width="16" height="16" src="https://static.opensuse.org/favicon.ico" /> openSUSE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Leap 16.0, Tumbleweed (滚动)          | 512 MB \* | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://nixos.org/favicon.svg" /> NixOS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 25.11                                 | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://archlinux.org/static/favicon.png" /> Arch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
 | <img width="16" height="16" src="https://www.gentoo.org/assets/img/logo/gentoo-g.png" /> Gentoo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 滚动                                  | 512 MB    | 5 GB         |
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                   nixos       25.11
                   fedora      43|44
                   debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                  opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
                   openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                   alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                  opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
                   ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                   kali
                   arch

cloud-init-fix-onlink.sh

@@ -170,47 +170,6 @@ GatewayOnLink=yes
     fi
 }
 
-fix_wicked_conf() {
-    # https://github.com/openSUSE/wicked/wiki/FAQ#q-why-wicked-does-not-set-my-default-static-route
-
-    # 修改前
-    # default 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # default 2602::1 - -
-
-    # 修改后
-    # 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # 2602::1 - -
-    # default 1.1.1.1 - -
-    # default 2602::1 - -
-
-    if ! confs=$(ls "$os_dir/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-"* 2>/dev/null); then
-        return
-    fi
-
-    for conf in $confs; do
-        # 判断 bug 是否已经修复
-        if grep -v 'default' "$conf" | grep -q '-'; then
-            return
-        fi
-
-        # 获取网关
-        gateways=$(awk '$1=="default" {print $2}' "$conf")
-        if [ -z "$gateways" ]; then
-            return
-        fi
-
-        # 创建新条目
-        for gateway in $gateways; do
-            echo "$gateway - -"
-        done | insert_into_file "$conf" head
-    done
-
-    # 重新应用配置
-    if systemctl -q is-enabled wicked; then
-        systemctl restart wicked
-    fi
-}
-
 # ubuntu 18.04 cloud-init 版本 23.1.2，因此不用处理
 
 # debian 10/11 云镜像原本用 ifupdown + resolvconf，脚本改成用 netplan + networkd/resolved
@@ -224,6 +183,3 @@ fix_netplan_conf
 # 只需对云镜像处理
 # 因为普通安装用的是 alpine 的 cloud-init，版本够新，不用处理
 fix_networkd_conf
-
-# opensuse 15.5: ifcfg + netconfig (dns) + wicked
-fix_wicked_conf

fix-eth-name.service

@@ -9,10 +9,6 @@ Before=network.service
 Before=networking.service
 Before=systemd-networkd.service
 Before=NetworkManager.service
-Before=wickedd-auto4.service
-Before=wickedd-dhcp4.service
-Before=wickedd-dhcp6.service
-Before=wickedd.service
 
 Before=network.target
 

reinstall.sh

@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ Usage: $reinstall_____ anolis      7|8|23
                        nixos       25.11
                        fedora      43|44
                        debian      9|10|11|12|13
+                       opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed
                        openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03
                        alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23
-                       opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed
                        ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04 [--minimal]
                        kali
                        arch
@@ -1479,13 +1479,11 @@ Continue?
             # leap
             dir=distribution/leap/$releasever/appliances
             case "$releasever" in
-            15.6) file=openSUSE-Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-Cloud.qcow2 ;;
             16.0) file=Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-Cloud.qcow2 ;;
             # 16.0) file=Leap-$releasever-Minimal-VM.$basearch-kvm$(if [ "$basearch" = x86_64 ]; then echo '-and-xen'; fi).qcow2 ;;
             esac
 
             # https://src.opensuse.org/openSUSE/Leap-Images/src/branch/leap-16.0/kiwi-templates-Minimal/Minimal.kiwi
-            # https://build.opensuse.org/projects/Virtualization:Appliances:Images:openSUSE-Leap-15.6/packages/kiwi-templates-Minimal/files/Minimal.kiwi
             # https://build.opensuse.org/projects/Virtualization:Appliances:Images:openSUSE-Tumbleweed/packages/kiwi-templates-Minimal/files/Minimal.kiwi
             # 有专门的kvm镜像，openSUSE-Leap-15.5-Minimal-VM.x86_64-kvm-and-xen.qcow2，里面没有cloud-init
             # file=openSUSE-Leap-15.5-Minimal-VM.x86_64-kvm-and-xen.qcow2
@@ -1913,7 +1911,7 @@ verify_os_name() {
         'fedora      43|44' \
         'nixos       25.11' \
         'debian      9|10|11|12|13' \
-        'opensuse    15.6|16.0|tumbleweed' \
+        'opensuse    16.0|tumbleweed' \
         'alpine      3.20|3.21|3.22|3.23' \
         'openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03' \
         'ubuntu      18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|26.04' \
@@ -4196,7 +4194,7 @@ recreate_grub_or_extlinux_cfg() {
             /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
             # 手动启用 41_custom
             nixos_grub_home="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "$(get_cmd_path grub-mkconfig)")")/.."
-            $nixos_grub_home/etc/grub.d/41_custom >>$target_cfg
+            $nixos_grub_home/etc/grub.d/41_custom >>"$(dirname "$target_cfg")/grub.cfg"
         elif is_have_cmd update-grub; then
             update-grub
         else

trans.sh

@@ -1682,6 +1682,21 @@ install_nixos() {
     export USER=root
     export HOME=/root
 
+    configure_nix_substituters() {
+        if ! is_in_china; then
+            return
+        fi
+
+        nix_conf=/etc/nix/nix.conf
+        mkdir -p "$(dirname "$nix_conf")"
+
+        if [ -f "$nix_conf" ]; then
+            sed -i '/^[[:space:]]*substituters[[:space:]]*=/d' "$nix_conf"
+        fi
+
+        echo "substituters = $mirror/store" >>"$nix_conf"
+    }
+
     case "$nix_from" in
     alpine)
         apk add nix
@@ -1690,9 +1705,7 @@ install_nixos() {
         # https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/blob/master/community/nix/APKBUILD#L125
         sed -i '/max-jobs/d' /etc/nix/nix.conf
         echo "max-jobs = $threads" >>/etc/nix/nix.conf
-        if is_in_china; then
+        configure_nix_substituters
-            echo "substituters = $mirror/store" >>/etc/nix/nix.conf
-        fi
         rc-service -q nix-daemon restart
         # 添加 nix-env 安装的软件到 PATH
         PATH="/root/.nix-profile/bin:$PATH"
@@ -1743,6 +1756,7 @@ install_nixos() {
         apk del xz
         # shellcheck source=/dev/null
         . /root/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
+        configure_nix_substituters
         ;;
     esac
 
@@ -1783,6 +1797,7 @@ install_nixos() {
 
     if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
         nix_ssh_keys_or_PermitRootLogin="
+services.openssh.settings.PasswordAuthentication = false;
 users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
 $(del_comment_lines </configs/ssh_keys | del_empty_lines | quote_line | add_space 2)
 ];
@@ -2029,10 +2044,10 @@ basic_init() {
     # 公钥/密码
     if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
         set_ssh_keys_and_del_password $os_dir
+        change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login $os_dir
     else
         change_root_password $os_dir
-        allow_root_password_login $os_dir
+        change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login $os_dir
-        allow_password_login $os_dir
     fi
 
     # 下载 fix-eth-name.service
@@ -3752,61 +3767,11 @@ EOF
         # 禁用 selinux
         disable_selinux $os_dir
 
-        # opensuse leap 15.6 用 wicked
         # opensuse leap 16.0 / tumbleweed 用 NetworkManager
-        if chroot $os_dir rpm -qi wicked; then
-            # sysconfig ifcfg
-            create_cloud_init_network_config $os_dir/net.cfg
-            chroot $os_dir cloud-init devel net-convert \
-                -p /net.cfg -k yaml -d out -D opensuse -O sysconfig
-
-            # 删除
-            # Created by cloud-init on instance boot automatically, do not edit.
-            #
-            sed -i '/^#/d' "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth"*
-
-            for ethx in $(get_eths); do
-                # 1. 修复甲骨文云重启后 ipv6 丢失
-                # https://github.com/openSUSE/wicked/issues/1058
-                # 还要注意 wicked dhcpv6 获取到的 ipv6 是 /64，其他 DHCPv6 程序获取到的是 /128
-                echo DHCLIENT6_USE_LAST_LEASE=no >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-$ethx
-
-                # 2. 修复 onlink 网关
-                for prefix in '' 'default '; do
-                    if is_staticv4; then
-                        get_netconf_to ipv4_gateway
-                        echo "${prefix}${ipv4_gateway} - -" >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-$ethx
-                    fi
-                    if is_staticv6; then
-                        get_netconf_to ipv6_gateway
-                        echo "${prefix}${ipv6_gateway} - -" >>$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-$ethx
-                    fi
-                done
-            done
-
-            # 复制配置
-            for file in \
-                "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth"* \
-                "$os_dir/out/etc/sysconfig/network/ifroute-eth"*; do
-                # 动态 ip 没有 ifroute-eth*
-                if [ -f $file ]; then
-                    cp $file $os_dir/etc/sysconfig/network/
-                fi
-            done
-
-            # 清理
-            rm -rf $os_dir/net.cfg $os_dir/out
-
-        else
-            # 如果使用 cloud-init 则需要 touch NetworkManager.conf
-            # 更新到 cloud-init 24.1 后删除
-            # touch $os_dir/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
-
         # 可以直接用 alpine 的 cloud-init 生成 Network Manager 配置
         create_cloud_init_network_config /net.cfg
         create_network_manager_config /net.cfg "$os_dir"
         rm /net.cfg
-        fi
 
         # 选择新内核
         # 只有 leap 有 kernel-azure
@@ -4082,30 +4047,50 @@ set_ssh_keys_and_del_password() {
     chroot $os_dir passwd -d root
 }
 
-# 除了 alpine 都会用到
+change_ssh_conf_if_different() {
-change_ssh_conf() {
+    local os_dir=$1
-    os_dir=$1
+    local key=$2
-    key=$2
+    local value=$3
-    value=$3
+    local sub_conf=$4
-    sub_conf=$4
+    if [ -z "$sub_conf" ]; then
+        sub_conf=$(echo "01-$key.conf" | to_lower)
+    fi
 
-    if line="^$key .*" && grep -Exq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config 2>/dev/null; then
+    # 有些发行版自带了某些配置，例如
-        # 如果 sshd_config 存在此 key（非注释状态），则替换
+    # ubuntu:
+    # cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/60-cloudimg-settings.conf | grep -i PasswordAuthentication
+    # PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # gentoo:
+    # cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/9999999gentoo-pam.conf | grep -i PasswordAuthentication
+    # PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # 0. 如果已经有这个配置，则不修改，避免不必要的改动
+    if chroot "$os_dir" sshd -G | grep -Fxiq "$key $value"; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    if line="^$key .*" && grep -Exiq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config 2>/dev/null; then
+        # 1. 如果 sshd_config 存在此 key（非注释状态），则替换
         sed -Ei "s/$line/$key $value/" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
-    elif include_line='^Include.*/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d' &&
+    elif include_line='^Include .*/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d' &&
+        # 2. 如果 sshd_config 设置了读取 sshd_config.d
+        #    则写入到 sshd_config.d/01-xxx.conf
+
         # arch 没有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ 文件夹
         # opensuse tumbleweed 没有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
         #                       有 /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ 文件夹
         #                       有 /usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config
-        { grep -q "$include_line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config ||
+        { grep -iq "$include_line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config ||
-            grep -q "$include_line" $os_dir/usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config; } 2>/dev/null; then
+            grep -iq "$include_line" $os_dir/usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config; } 2>/dev/null; then
         mkdir -p $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/
         echo "$key $value" >"$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/$sub_conf"
     else
+        # 3. 写入 sshd_config
         #    如果 sshd_config 存在此 key (无论是否已注释)，则替换，包括删除注释
         #    否则追加
         line="^[# ]*$key .*"
-        if grep -Exq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config; then
+        if grep -Exiq "$line" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config; then
             sed -Ei "s/$line/$key $value/" $os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
         else
             echo "$key $value" >>$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config
@@ -4113,32 +4098,40 @@ change_ssh_conf() {
     fi
 }
 
-allow_password_login() {
+change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
-    change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication yes 01-PasswordAuthentication.conf
+
+    # 目前脚本只用 root ，不需要设置这个
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication no
+
+    # 这个也不需要设置，默认就是 prohibit-password
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
 }
 
-allow_root_password_login() {
+change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
 
     # opensuse 16/tumbleweed 安装 openssh-server-config-rootlogin
     # 会生成 /usr/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/50-permit-root-login.conf
     # 但是如果用户删除了此文件，包有更新的话，可能会重新创建这个文件？
     # 因此先不用这个方法
-    if false && [ -f $os_dir/etc/os-release ] &&
+    if false &&
-        grep -iq opensuse $os_dir/etc/os-release &&
+        [ -f $os_dir/etc/os-release ] &&
-        ! grep -iq 15.6 $os_dir/etc/os-release; then
+        grep -iq opensuse $os_dir/etc/os-release; then
         chroot $os_dir zypper install -y openssh-server-config-rootlogin
-    else
-        change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin yes 01-permitrootlogin.conf
     fi
+
+    # PasswordAuthentication 默认是 yes
+    # 但某些发行版会在 sshd_config.d 里设置 PasswordAuthentication no
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PasswordAuthentication yes
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" PermitRootLogin yes
 }
 
 change_ssh_port() {
-    os_dir=$1
+    local os_dir=$1
-    ssh_port=$2
+    local ssh_port=$2
 
-    change_ssh_conf "$os_dir" Port "$ssh_port" 01-change-ssh-port.conf
+    change_ssh_conf_if_different "$os_dir" Port "$ssh_port"
 }
 
 change_root_password() {
@@ -4595,7 +4588,11 @@ install_fnos() {
 
     # ssh root 登录，测试用
     if false; then
-        allow_root_password_login $os_dir
+        if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
+            change_ssh_conf_for_root_key_login $os_dir
+        else
+            change_ssh_conf_for_root_password_login $os_dir
+        fi
         chroot $os_dir systemctl enable ssh
     fi
 
@@ -5035,6 +5032,9 @@ EOF
         fi
 
         # 自带的 60-cloudimg-settings.conf 禁止了 PasswordAuthentication
+        # 可删除可不删除，因为现在会先读取有效 sshd 配置再修改 sshd 配置
+        # 如果要删除 60-cloudimg-settings.conf 则要在 change_ssh_conf_if_different 之前删除
+        if false; then
             file=$os_dir/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/60-cloudimg-settings.conf
             if [ -f $file ]; then
                 sed -i '/^PasswordAuthentication/d' $file
@@ -5042,6 +5042,7 @@ EOF
                     rm -f $file
                 fi
             fi
+        fi
 
         # 更改 efi 目录的 grub.cfg 写死的 fsuuid
         # 因为 24.04 fsuuid 对应 boot 分区
@@ -5680,49 +5681,58 @@ get_aws_repo() {
     fi
 }
 
-get_client_name_by_build_ver() {
-    build_ver=$1
-
-    if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ]; then
-        echo 11
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 10240 ]; then
-        echo 10
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9600 ]; then
-        echo 8.1
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9200 ]; then
-        echo 8
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 7600 ]; then
-        echo 7
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 6000 ]; then
-        echo vista
-    else
-        error_and_exit "Unknown Build Version: $build_ver"
-    fi
-}
-
 # 将 AC/SAC 版本号 转换为 LTSC 版本号
 # 用于查找驱动
-get_server_name_by_build_ver() {
+get_windows_name_by_version() {
-    build_ver=$1
+    local nt_ver=$1
+    local build_ver=$2
+    local windows_type=$3
 
+    local windows_name
+    windows_name=$(
+        case "$windows_type" in
+        client)
+            case "$nt_ver" in
+            10.0)
+                if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ]; then
+                    echo 11
+                else
+                    echo 10
+                fi
+                ;;
+            6.3) echo 8.1 ;;
+            6.2) echo 8 ;;
+            6.1) echo 7 ;;
+            6.0) echo vista ;;
+            esac
+            ;;
+
+        server)
+            case "$nt_ver" in
+            10.0)
                 if [ "$build_ver" -ge 26100 ]; then
                     echo 2025
                 elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 20348 ]; then
                     echo 2022
                 elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 17763 ]; then
                     echo 2019
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 14393 ]; then
-        echo 2016
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9600 ]; then
-        echo 2012 r2
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 9200 ]; then
-        echo 2012
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 7600 ]; then
-        echo 2008 r2
-    elif [ "$build_ver" -ge 6001 ]; then
-        echo 2008
                 else
-        error_and_exit "Unknown Build Version: $build_ver"
+                    echo 2016
+                fi
+                ;;
+            6.3) echo '2012 r2' ;;
+            6.2) echo '2012' ;;
+            6.1) echo '2008 r2' ;;
+            6.0) echo '2008' ;;
+            esac
+            ;;
+        esac
+    )
+
+    if [ -n "$windows_name" ]; then
+        echo "$windows_name"
+    else
+        error_and_exit "Unknown Windows Version: $nt_ver $build_ver $windows_type"
     fi
 }
 
@@ -5810,24 +5820,25 @@ get_windows_type_from_windows_drive() {
     local os_dir=$1
 
     apk add hivex
-    software_hive=$(find_file_ignore_case $os_dir/Windows/System32/config/SOFTWARE)
     system_hive=$(find_file_ignore_case $os_dir/Windows/System32/config/SYSTEM)
-    installation_type=$(hivexget $software_hive '\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion' InstallationType 2>/dev/null || true)
+    product_type=$(hivexget $system_hive '\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions' ProductType)
-    product_type=$(hivexget $system_hive '\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions' ProductType 2>/dev/null || true)
     apk del hivex
 
-    # 根据 win11 multi-session 的情况
+    # ProductType InstallationType 都是用来区分客户端和服务器系统
-    # InstallationType 比 ProductType 准确
+    # 就驱动而言，用的是 ProductType
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-hardware/drivers/install/inf-manufacturer-section
+    # NTamd64.10.0       # 不限制 ProductType
+    # NTamd64.10.0.1     # 只接受 ProductType 为 1 的系统
 
-    # Vista wim 和注册表都没有 InstallationType
+    # 实测也是用 ProductType
-    case "$installation_type" in
+    # 在 win11 右键 e1d.inf 安装驱动后，在任务管理器强制为任意网卡选择驱动，列表里面：
-    Client | Embedded) echo client ;;
+    # win11 enterprise    有   i218-V/i-219V，有 i218-LM/i219-LM
-    Server | 'Server Core') echo server ;;
+    # win11 multi-session 没有 i218-V/i-219V，有 i218-LM/i219-LM
-    *) case "$product_type" in
+
+    case "$product_type" in
     WinNT) echo client ;;
-        ServerNT) echo server ;;
+    LanmanNT | ServerNT) echo server ;;
-        *) error_and_exit "Unknown Windows Type" ;;
+    *) error_and_exit "Unexpected Product Type: $product_type" ;;
-        esac ;;
     esac
 }
 
@@ -5857,6 +5868,21 @@ get_intel_download_url() {
         grep -Eio -m1 "https://.+/$file_regex" | grep .
 }
 
+apk_add_hivex_perl() {
+    # TODO: alpine 3.24 发布后删除
+    # hivex-perl 要从 edge/community 仓库下载
+    local alpine_mirror
+    alpine_mirror=$(grep '^http.*/main$' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's,/[^/]*/main$,,' | head -1)
+    apk add --repository "$alpine_mirror/edge/community" \
+        --force-non-repository \
+        --virtual edge \
+        hivex-perl
+}
+
+apk_del_hivex_perl() {
+    apk del edge
+}
+
 install_windows() {
     get_wim_prop() {
         wim=$1
@@ -5942,14 +5968,14 @@ install_windows() {
     if [ "$image_count" = 1 ]; then
         # 只有一个版本就用那个版本
         image_name=$all_image_names
-        image_index=1
+        iso_image_index=1
     else
         while true; do
             # 匹配成功
             # 改成正确的大小写
             if matched_image_name=$(printf '%s\n' "$all_image_names" | grep -Fix "$image_name"); then
                 image_name=$matched_image_name
-                image_index=$(wiminfo "$iso_install_wim" "$image_name" | grep 'Index:' | awk '{print $NF}')
+                iso_image_index=$(wiminfo "$iso_install_wim" "$image_name" | grep 'Index:' | awk '{print $NF}')
                 break
             fi
 
@@ -5970,54 +5996,35 @@ install_windows() {
     fi
 
     get_selected_image_prop() {
-        get_image_prop "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$1"
+        get_image_prop "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$1"
     }
 
-    # 多会话的信息来自注册表，因为没有官方 iso
+    # Windows Server 作为域服务器时，ProductType 会变成 LanmanNT ?
-
-    # Installation Type:
-    # https://github.com/search?q=InstallationType+Client+Embedded+Server+Core&type=code
-    # - Client      (普通 windows)
-    # - Server      (windows server 带桌面体验)
-    # - Server Core (windows server 不带桌面体验)
-    # - Embedded    (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - Client      (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
-
-    # Product Type:
     # https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2465206
-    # https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-desktop/windows-multisession-faq#why-does-my-application-report-windows-enterprise-multi-session-as-a-server-operating-system
+    # https://github.com/search?q=InstallationType+Client+Embedded+Server+Core&type=code
-    # - WinNT    (普通 windows)
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-desktop/windows-multisession-faq#why-does-my-application-report-windows-enterprise-multi-session-as-a-server-operating-system
-    # - ServerNT (windows server 带桌面体验)
-    # - ServerNT (windows server 不带桌面体验)
-    # - WinNT    (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - ServerNT (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
 
-    # Product Suite:
+    # 信息是从注册表获取，因为某些 install.wim 可能缺少属性
-    # https://www.geoffchappell.com/studies/windows/km/ntoskrnl/api/ex/exinit/productsuite.htm
+    # Azure 上能使用 Windows 10/11 Enterprise 多会话
-    # - Terminal Server (普通 windows)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\InstallationType
-    # - Enterprise      (windows server 2025 带桌面体验)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions\ProductType
-    # - Enterprise      (windows server 2025 不带桌面体验)
+    # HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\ProductOptions\ProductSuite
-    # - Terminal Server (windows server 2012 R2 评估板 带桌面体验，注册表也是这个值)
-    # - Terminal Server (windows server 2022 R2 评估板 不带桌面体验，注册表也是这个值)
-    # - Terminal Server (WES7 / Thin PC)
-    # - ?               (windows 10/11 enterprise 多会话)
 
-    # 用内核版本号筛选驱动
+    # 系统                                InstallationType    ProductType    ProductSuite
-    # 使得可以安装 Hyper-V Server / Azure Stack HCI 等 Windows Server 变种
+    # Windows Client (普通 Windows)          Client             WinNT        Terminal Server
-    # 7601.24214.180801-1700.win7sp1_ldr_escrow_CLIENT_ULTIMATE_x64FRE_en-us.iso wim 没有 Installation Type
+    # Windows 10/11 Enterprise 多会话        Client             ServerNT     Terminal Server
-    # Vista wim 和 注册表 都没有 InstallationType
+    # Windows Server 2012 R2 桌面体验        Server             ServerNT     Terminal Server 和 DataCenter (两行)
-    if false; then
+    # Windows Server 2012 R2 不带桌面体验    Server Core        ServerNT     Terminal Server 和 DataCenter (两行)
-        nt_ver=$(get_selected_image_prop "Major Version").$(get_selected_image_prop "Minor Version")
+    # Windows Server 2025 桌面体验           Server             ServerNT     Enterprise
-        build_ver=$(get_selected_image_prop "Build")
+    # Windows Server 2025 不带桌面体验       Server Core        ServerNT     Enterprise
-        installation_type=$(get_selected_image_prop "Installation Type")
+    # WES7 / Thin PC                         Embedded           WinNT        Terminal Server
-    fi
 
     mount_iso_install_wim_to() {
         local dir=$1
 
         mkdir -p "$dir"
         # shellcheck disable=SC2046
-        wimmount "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$dir" \
+        wimmount "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$dir" \
             $($is_swm && echo "--ref=$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref")
     }
 
@@ -6032,13 +6039,9 @@ install_windows() {
     get_windows_version_from_windows_drive /wim
 
     # 检测 client/server，并转换成标准版 windows 名称
+    # 用于将 Hyper-V Server / Azure Stack HCI / Windows Server AC 的版本号转换成对应的 LTSC 版本号，用于查找驱动
     windows_type=$(get_windows_type_from_windows_drive /wim)
-    product_ver=$(
+    product_ver=$(get_windows_name_by_version "$nt_ver" "$build_ver" "$windows_type")
-        case "$windows_type" in
-        client) get_client_name_by_build_ver "$build_ver" ;;
-        server) get_server_name_by_build_ver "$build_ver" ;;
-        esac
-    )
 
     # 检测 sac 和 nvme
     {
@@ -6197,21 +6200,24 @@ install_windows() {
         )
     fi
 
+    # $iso_image_index 是原 iso 里面的镜像 wim 编号
+    # $image_index 是复制到 installer 后的镜像 wim 编号
+
     # 如果是 swm，要先合并成 wim 才能编辑
     if $is_swm; then
         install_wim=$(echo "$install_wim" | sed 's/\.swm$/.wim/i')
         # 防止不格盘二次运行时报错：文件已存在
         rm -f "$install_wim"
-        wimexport --ref="$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref" "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$install_wim"
+        wimexport --ref="$(dirname "$iso_install_wim")/$swm_ref" "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$install_wim"
-        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 变为 1
+        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 为 1
         image_index=1
     elif false; then
         # 优化 install.wim
         # 优点: 可以节省 200M~600M 空间，用来创建虚拟内存
         #       （意义不大，因为已经删除了 boot.wim 用来创建虚拟内存，vista 除外）
         # 缺点: 如果 install.wim 只有一个镜像，则只能缩小 10M+
-        time wimexport --threads "$(get_build_threads 512)" "$iso_install_wim" "$image_index" "$install_wim"
+        time wimexport --threads "$(get_build_threads 512)" "$iso_install_wim" "$iso_image_index" "$install_wim"
-        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 变为 1
+        # 只导出了要安装的镜像，因此 image_index 为 1
         image_index=1
         info "install.wim size"
         echo "Original:  $(get_filesize_mb "$iso_install_wim")"
@@ -6219,14 +6225,25 @@ install_windows() {
         echo
     else
         cp "$iso_install_wim" "$install_wim"
+        image_index="$iso_image_index"
     fi
 
     # win11 要求 1GHz 2核（1核超线程也行）
-    # 用注册表无法绕过
+    # 判断条件是 install.wim 元信息里的 Installation Type，而不是 install.wim 注册表里面的
+    # 7601.24214.180801-1700.win7sp1_ldr_escrow_CLIENT_ULTIMATE_x64FRE_en-us.iso wim 没有 Installation Type
+    # Vista wim 和 注册表 都没有 InstallationType
+    installation_type_from_install_wim_metadata=$(get_selected_image_prop "Installation Type" 2>/dev/null || true)
+
+    # 安装时无法用注册表绕过
     # https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/issues/1990
     # https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/Hardware/System_Requirements
     # win11 旧版本安装程序（24h2之前）无法用 setup.exe /product server 跳过 cpu 核数限制，因此在xml里解除限制
-    if [ "$product_ver" = "11" ] && [ "$(nproc)" -le 1 ]; then
+
+    # windows 11 multi-session 用注册表的信息识别成 server 2022 用于匹配驱动，"$product_ver" 是 2022 而不是 11
+    # 因此这里判断的条件不是 [ "$product_ver" = "11" ]
+    if [ "$build_ver" -ge 22000 ] &&
+        [ "$(echo "$installation_type_from_install_wim_metadata" | to_lower)" = "client" ] &&
+        [ "$(nproc)" -le 1 ]; then
         wiminfo "$install_wim" "$image_index" --image-property WINDOWS/INSTALLATIONTYPE=Server
     fi
 
@@ -6790,10 +6807,10 @@ EOF
             download $baseurl/$dir/virtio-win-gt-$arch_xdd.msi $drv/virtio.msi $can_use_cn_mirror
             match="FILE_*_${virtio_sys}_${arch}*"
             7z x $drv/virtio.msi -o$drv/virtio -i!$match -y -bb1
-
-            # 为没有后缀名的文件添加后缀名
             (
                 cd $drv/virtio
+
+                # 为没有后缀名的文件添加后缀名
                 echo "Recognizing file extension..."
                 for file in *"${virtio_sys}_${arch}"; do
                     recognized=false
@@ -7052,13 +7069,7 @@ EOF
             to_system_hive="$(find_file_ignore_case /wim/Windows/System32/config/SYSTEM)"
             to_software_hive="$(find_file_ignore_case /wim/Windows/System32/config/SOFTWARE)"
 
-            # TODO: alpine 3.24 发布后删除
+            apk_add_hivex_perl
-            # hivex-perl 要从 edge/community 仓库下载
-            alpine_mirror=$(grep '^http.*/main$' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's,/[^/]*/main$,,' | head -1)
-            apk add --repository "$alpine_mirror/edge/community" \
-                --force-non-repository \
-                --virtual edge \
-                hivex-perl
 
             # 获取当前生效的 wvpci.inf 文件
             # 得到 wvpci.inf_amd64_86afbe8940682d27 这样的文件名
@@ -7110,7 +7121,7 @@ EOF
 EOF
             hivexregedit --merge "$to_system_hive" "$reg"
 
-            apk del edge
+            apk_del_hivex_perl
         else
             error_and_exit "vpci driver not found."
         fi
@@ -7808,7 +7819,7 @@ mount / -o remount,size=100%
 sync_time || true
 
 # 安装 ssh 并更改端口
-apk add openssh
+apk add openssh-server
 if is_need_change_ssh_port; then
     change_ssh_port / $ssh_port
 fi
@@ -7816,6 +7827,8 @@ fi
 # 设置密码，添加开机启动 + 开启 ssh 服务
 if is_need_set_ssh_keys; then
     set_ssh_keys_and_del_password /
+    # 目前脚本只用 root，不需要设置这个
+    # change_ssh_conf_if_different / PasswordAuthentication no
     printf '\n' | setup-sshd
 else
     change_root_password /

windows-setup.bat

@@ -115,6 +115,9 @@ for /f "delims=" %%a in (X:\disk.txt) do (
                 goto :found_main_disk
             )
         )
+
+        rem 普通 for 是把“一段话”里的“每个词”排成队，让一个变量（%%b）轮流去当这些词
+        rem for /f   是把“一段话”拆成“几个零件”存在不同的变量里（%%i, %%j...）
     )
 )